Collaborative Research: A High resolution Paleontological, Ichnological, and Chemostratigraphic Study of Late Devonian Mass Extinctions

合作研究：晚泥盆世大规模灭绝的高分辨率古生物学、技术学和化学地层学研究

• 批准号: 1348988
• 负责人: Gordon Love
• 金额: $ 20.6万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1348988&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; resolution; Paleontological; Ichnological

RUI, Collaborative Research: A High resolution Paleontological, Ichnological, and Chemostratigraphic Study of Late Devonian Mass ExtinctionsbyDiana Boyer, EAR-1348981, SUNY OswegoGordon Love, EAR-1348988, Univ. California, RiversideABSTRACTThe rock record preserves a detailed history of past events in life history, and understanding these events, particularly episodes of unusual biotic turnover, is of paramount importance, particularly in this time of our current diversity crises. There have been many large scale extinction events throughout geologic history, and despite extensive study, the Late Devonian mass extinction events in the Frasnian-Famennian still remain enigmatic in terms of a causal mechanism. Although numerous kill mechanisms have been proposed, marine anoxia is widely thought to be a major contributing factor, in part because of the pervasiveness of organic-rich black shale. This study will test for extensive anoxic and/or pervasive euxinic (sulfidic water column) conditions associated with several biotic turnover events preserved in a Laurentian basin. PIs will use an integrated paleontological, inorganic geochemical, and lipid biomarker approach performed at high spatial resolution to reconstruct secular changes in ancient microbial and metazoan source organism inputs, and marine redox structure in these ancient epeiric seaways. They will test for a correlation between the magnitude and timing of extinction events and patterns of oxygen and euxinic stress which prevailed.The utility of combining paleontological and geochemical proxies to recognize bottom water oxygen levels on a fine-scale in black shale facies has been realized (Boyer et al., 2011), but not yet applied to understand the dynamics of major events in the history of life. The new light we are shedding on Late Devonian biospheric and environmental evolution in North America will inform and direct future work in biogeochemistry, paleontology/paleobiology, evolutionary biology, and ocean-atmosphere evolution. Central to this research is a unique bridging of organic and inorganic geochemical methods with paleontology within a broad field-based template to yield high-resolution bio- and chemostratigraphic records that span the Late Devonian mass extinction events and their aftermath. At the heart of this research proposal is the training and education of a group of talented graduate, undergraduate and K-12 school students in the geosciences at UCR and SUNY Oswego, many from underrepresented ethnic groups, through a combination of direct involvement in the research project or through a variety of outreach ventures.

RUI，合作研究：晚泥盆世大规模灭绝的高分辨率古生物学、遗迹学和化学地层学研究作者：Diana Boyer，J-1348981，SUNY OswegoGordon Love，J-1348988，University.加州，RiversideAbSTRACT岩石记录保存了生命史中过去事件的详细历史，理解这些事件，特别是不寻常的生物更替事件，是至关重要的。尤其是在我们当前的多样性危机时期。在整个地质历史中，已经发生了许多大规模的灭绝事件，尽管进行了广泛的研究，但晚泥盆世弗拉斯期-法门期的大规模灭绝事件在因果机制方面仍然是个谜。 尽管已经提出了许多杀死机制，但海洋缺氧被广泛认为是一个主要的促成因素，部分原因是富含有机物的黑色页岩的普遍存在。这项研究将测试广泛的缺氧和/或普遍的缺氧（硫化物水柱）条件与保存在劳伦盆地的几个生物周转事件。PI将使用高空间分辨率的综合古生物学，无机地球化学和脂质生物标志物方法来重建古微生物和后生动物源生物输入的长期变化，以及这些古陆海航道中的海洋氧化还原结构。他们将测试灭绝事件的规模和时间与氧气和缺氧胁迫模式之间的相关性。结合古生物学和地球化学代理来识别黑色页岩相中精细尺度的底层水氧气水平的实用性已经实现（Boyer等人，2011年），但尚未应用于了解生命历史上重大事件的动态。我们对北美晚泥盆世生物圈和环境演化的新认识将为地球化学，古生物学/古生物学，进化生物学和海洋-大气演化提供信息和指导未来的工作。这项研究的核心是有机和无机地球化学方法与古生物学在一个广泛的领域为基础的模板产生高分辨率的生物和化学地层记录，跨越晚泥盆世大规模灭绝事件及其后果的独特桥梁。这项研究计划的核心是通过直接参与研究项目或通过各种外联活动，在UCR和SUNY奥斯韦戈的地球科学领域培训和教育一批有才华的研究生、本科生和K-12学生，其中许多人来自代表性不足的族裔群体。