CAREER: Karrikin and strigolactone signaling mechanisms in Arabidopsis

职业：拟南芥中的 Karrikin 和独脚金内酯信号传导机制

• 批准号: 1350561
• 负责人: David Nelson
• 金额: $ 93.5万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1350561&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Karrikin; strigolactone; signaling; mechanisms

DAVID C NELSONPROPOSAL IOS-1350561CAREER: Karrikin and strigolactone signaling mechanisms in ArabidopsisKarrikins are a recently discovered class of compounds found in smoke that activate germination of many plant species after fire. Strigolactones comprise a family of plant hormones that regulate shoot branching, root architecture, and cambial growth. Strigolactones also trigger germination of the highly destructive parasitic weeds, broomrape and witchweed, and promote symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which karrikins and strigolactones control plant growth may enable a new wave of innovation in crop development and weed control.Plants recognize both karrikins and strigolactones through a genetic pathway that requires the F-box protein MAX2. F-box proteins have central roles in several plant hormone signaling systems, and act by targeting specific protein substrates for degradation. The targets of MAX2 have long remained elusive and as such represent a critical roadblock to understanding the mechanism of karrikin and strigolactone signaling. A genetic screen has now led to the identification of a candidate target, SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), which regulates seed germination and seedling growth. SMAX1 is a member of an uncharacterized family of eight genes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In this project genetic and biochemical approaches will be used to determine 1) how other genes in the SMAX1 family contribute to plant development; 2) the molecular function and regulation of SMAX1 protein; and 3) the protein interacting partners of SMAX1 and MAX2. These experiments will reveal how the SMAX1 family acts in karrikin and strigolactone signaling and whether SMAX1 is a target of MAX2. A postdoctoral researcher,graduate student, and several undergraduates will be trained for careers in science-related fields. Two projects will be initiated to improve undergraduate retention in science-related careers and enhance K-12 STEM education. The discoveries from this project will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific conferences.

大卫·C·尼尔森提议IOS-1350561职业生涯：卡里金和独脚金内酯信号机制是最近发现的一类化合物，在烟雾中发现，火灾后激活许多植物物种的发芽。独脚金内酯包括调节枝分枝、根构型和形成层生长的植物激素家族。独脚金内酯还引发高度破坏性的寄生杂草、肉苁蓉和独脚金的萌发，并促进与丛枝菌根真菌的共生关系。了解karrikins和独脚金内酯控制植物生长的分子机制可能会在作物开发和杂草控制方面带来新的创新浪潮。植物通过需要F-box蛋白MAX2的遗传途径识别karrikins和独脚金内酯。F-box蛋白在几种植物激素信号传导系统中具有核心作用，并通过靶向特定的蛋白质底物进行降解来发挥作用。MAX2的靶标长期以来一直难以捉摸，因此代表了理解karrikin和独脚金内酯信号传导机制的关键障碍。一个遗传筛选现在已经导致了一个候选目标，MAX2 1（SMAX 1），它调节种子萌发和幼苗生长的鉴定。SMAX 1是模式植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中一个未鉴定的8个基因家族的成员。本项目将利用遗传学和生物化学的方法来确定1）SMAX 1家族中的其他基因如何促进植物发育; 2）SMAX 1蛋白的分子功能和调控;以及3）SMAX 1和MAX2的蛋白质相互作用伴侣。这些实验将揭示SMAX 1家族如何在karrikin和独脚金内酯信号传导中起作用，以及SMAX 1是否是MAX2的靶标。一名博士后研究员、研究生和几名本科生将接受科学相关领域的职业培训。将启动两个项目，以提高本科生在科学相关职业的保留率，并加强K-12 STEM教育。该项目的发现将通过在同行评审的期刊上发表文章和在科学会议上发表演讲来传播。