CAREER: Small-Molecule Capture and Ion Transport in Well-Defined Hybrid Materials

职业：明确混合材料中的小分子捕获和离子传输

• 批准号: 1351538
• 负责人: Hemamala Karunadasa
• 金额: $ 57.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1351538&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Small; Molecule; Capture; Ion

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:With support from the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research, this program will design functional organic-inorganic hybrids to combine the advantages of molecules and extended solids in single-phase and well-defined materials. Specific targets include i) nonporous sorbents for the capture of atmospheric pollutants through chemisorption, ii) solid-state reaction templates that can alter product distribution from that of solution-state synthesis, and iii) materials with high ion mobility and tunable ion-transport pathways for fuel cell membranes and solid electrolytes. Solution-state self-assembly routes will be developed to synthesize highly modular structures amenable to systematic material optimization. The substantially different properties of the organic and inorganic components allow for optimization of conflicting features in single-phase materials. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This research program targets the synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for applications in clean energy: sorbents to capture atmospheric pollutants, nonporous ion-exchange membranes for fuel cells, and solid electrolytes for rechargeable batteries. Most functional materials are plagued by tradeoffs. Optimization of one property requires compromising another: e.g., flexibility and strength, electronic conductivity and porosity. Inorganic solids have superior electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties typically not seen in molecules. However, the tools of synthetic chemistry allow for the structure and reactivity of molecules to be tuned at a level of precision not yet accessible with extended solids. This research seeks to combine the fields of solid-state chemistry and solution-state molecular synthesis to obtain materials with properties unique to both discrete molecules and extended solids. Many female faculty claim that female colleagues and mentors were instrumental in their career choice, but not all female students have easy access to informal female mentors. As a step towards decreasing the number of exceptional women who leave the academic track, the P.I. will develop an online mentor network. This program will provide interested female students with young female faculty mentors. Through a network of informal mentors, students can have senior colleagues in the community-with whom they identify-who have taken the next steps in the path to their chosen careers and are available for advice and encouragement.

技术概要：在材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划的支持下，该计划将设计功能性有机-无机杂化物，以联合收割机结合分子和单相和良好定义的材料中的扩展固体的优点。具体目标包括i）通过化学吸附捕获大气污染物的无孔吸附剂，ii）可以改变溶液状态合成的产物分布的固态反应模板，以及iii）具有高离子迁移率和可调离子传输路径的材料，用于燃料电池膜和固体电解质。溶液状态自组装路线将被开发，以合成高度模块化的结构，服从系统的材料优化。有机和无机组分的显著不同的性质允许优化单相材料中的冲突特征。非技术摘要：该研究计划的目标是合成用于清洁能源的有机-无机杂化材料：捕获大气污染物的吸附剂，用于燃料电池的无孔离子交换膜，以及用于可充电电池的固体电解质。大多数功能材料都受到权衡的困扰。一个属性的优化需要牺牲另一个属性：例如，柔韧性和强度、电子传导性和多孔性。无机固体具有分子中通常不存在的上级电子、热和机械性能。然而，合成化学的工具允许分子的结构和反应性以扩展固体尚无法达到的精确水平进行调整。这项研究旨在联合收割机领域的固态化学和溶液态分子合成，以获得独特的离散分子和扩展固体的性能的材料。许多女教师声称，女同事和女导师在她们的职业选择中起到了重要作用，但并非所有女学生都能轻易找到非正式的女导师。作为减少离开学术轨道的杰出女性数量的一个步骤，P.I.将建立一个在线导师网络。该方案将为感兴趣的女学生提供年轻的女教师导师。通过一个非正式的导师网络，学生可以在社区中找到他们认同的资深同事，他们已经在他们选择的职业道路上迈出了下一步，并可以得到建议和鼓励。