SBIR Phase II: High-Power and High-Energy-Density Enzymatic Fuel Cell through an In Vitro Synthetic Enzymatic Pathway

该小型企业创新研究第二阶段项目旨在进一步开发无金属酶燃料电池（EFC），该电池可以完全氧化糖（麦芽糊精）以产生电力。糖动力EFC作为下一代环保型生物电池受到越来越多的关注。这些生物电池将是完全可生物降解的、无毒的并且容易再填充，被设想为下一代绿色电源，特别是用于便携式电子设备（例如，智能手机、便携式计算机、平板电脑和GPS系统等）。这些以20%麦芽糖糊精为进料的糖动力EFC利用用于糖氧化的酶催化剂的专有合成混合物，具有约800 Ah/kg的能量存储密度，几乎是锂电池的20倍。该项目的技术目标如下：（一）将其功率密度进一步提高到10 mW/cm 2，（二）将其寿命延长到数月，以及（三）开发具有商业成本竞争力的产品。在糖生物电池中使用低成本化学成分沿着工程氧化还原酶，可以增加它们的功率输出，延长它们的寿命，并降低它们的生产成本。在这个SBIR II项目中，Cell Free Bioinnovations Inc.将通过整合合成生物学、蛋白质工程、纳米生物技术和电化学，制造原型高能量密度电池，可以直接为智能手机充电。该项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力是展示原型生物启发的糖动力生物电池，其具有高能量存储密度（例如，800 Ah电量/kg的20%糖溶液，是锂离子电池的近二十倍），通过添加糖溶液快速补充，无毒，处理和使用安全。由于糖动力EFC基于低成本的生物催化剂，不需要昂贵或稀有金属，因此它们是一次性和可生物降解的设备。高能量存储密度的EFC将具有作为可再充电电池充电器的广泛潜在应用（例如，用于户外使用或便携式军事设备的蜂窝电话充电器）、教育玩具套件和一次性（原）电池。在未来，糖动力EFC可能会取代一些二次（可充电）电池和一次电池。此外，配备这种无细胞合成途径的EFC的创新将极大地促进由合成酶途径组成的无细胞生物制造的概念。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase II project seeks the further development of metal-free enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) that can completely oxidize sugar (maltodextrin) to yield electricity. Sugar-powered EFCs have received increasing interest as next-generation, environmentally friendly bio-batteries. These bio-batteries, which will be fully biodegradable, non toxic, and easily refillable, are envisioned as next-generation green power sources, particularly for portable electronic devices (e.g., smartphones, portable computers, tablets, and GPS systems to name a few). These Sugar-powered EFCs with a feed of 20% maltodextrin utilizing a proprietary synthetic cocktail of enzyme catalysts for sugar oxidation, have an energy storage density of approximately 800 Ah/kg, nearly 20-times that of lithium batteries. The technical objectives of this project are the following: (i) to further increase their power density to 10 mW/cm2, (ii) to prolong their lifetimes to months, and (iii) to develop a commercial cost competitive product. The use of a low-cost chemical ingredient along with the use of engineered redox enzymes in sugar biobatteries, could increase their power output, prolong their lifetime, and decrease their production cost. In this SBIR II project, Cell Free Bioinnovations Inc. will make prototype high energy density power banks that could charge smartphones directly by integrating synthetic biology, protein engineering, nanobiotechnology, and electrochemistry.The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is the demonstration of the prototype bio-inspired sugar-powered biobatteries featuring high-energy storage density (e.g., 800 Ah electricity/kg of 20% sugar solution, nearly twenty times that of lithium ion batteries), fast refilling by the addition of a sugar solution, non toxic and safe to handle and use. Because sugar-powered EFCs are based on low-cost biocatalysts and do not require costly or rare metals, they are disposable and biodegradable devices. High-energy storage density EFCs would have broad potential applications as rechargeable battery chargers (e.g., cellular phone chargers for outdoor use or for portable military devices), educational toy kits, and disposable (primary) batteries. In the future, sugar-powered EFCs could potentially replace some secondary (rechargeable) batteries and primary batteries. In addition, the innovation of EFCs equipped with this cell-free synthetic pathway would greatly promote the concept of cell-free biomanufacturing composed of synthetic enzymatic pathways.