The genetic architecture of local adaptation in a dioecious species: implications for chromosome evolution
雌雄异株物种局部适应的遗传结构:对染色体进化的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:1353970
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 67.21万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2014
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2014-06-01 至 2019-05-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This study will provide a deeper understanding into how natural selection leads to the divergence of populations, the first step toward speciation, focusing on traits that differ between males and females. The results of this study will address fundamental aspects of how selection varies on males and females and how this affects the structure of genes and chromosomes. Understanding these processes will broaden our knowledge about a central question of biology: Why are there so many different kinds of organisms? The work will train several undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a postdoctoral scholar, in both scientific research and public outreach, and provide them with opportunities to establish international collaborations. The researchers will work with scientists at Bloomington, IN, WonderLab Museum of Science, Health and Technology and with teachers at the Templeton Elementary School to create public displays about pollination biology and plant reproduction. This study will investigate the genetic architecture of local adaptation using the short-lived, herbaceous, dioecious, perennial plant white campion (Silene latifolia). The researchers hypothesize that local adaptation occurs primarily via selection on males, leading not only to phenotypic differences between males and females, but also the genetic basis of local adaptation being associated with pseudoautosomal loci. To test this hypothesis, they will conduct a multi-year reciprocal-transplant experiment using two populations from Spain and Croatia that are highly divergent for sexually dimorphic traits. They will also conduct manipulative experiments in the greenhouse and the field to determine: (1) which traits are involved in local adaptation (via phenotypic-selection analyses), and how variation in water availability and air temperature influences this adaptation (via water and temperature manipulation), (2) whether males are under greater selection to diverge, and (3) whether sexual antagonism exists for any of these traits. In addition to pure-population individuals, F2 progeny planted in both Spain and Croatia will allow further determination of which traits and quantitative trait loci (QTL) are targets of differential selection between the two habitats. They will measure the extent to which QTL for divergent traits are essentially sex specific in their effect or shared between the sexes, and lastly, whether QTL responsible for adaptive trait divergence occur in the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes. The result will determine which traits of males and females are under selection, the extent to which antagonistic selection between males and females is implicated in adaptive population differentiation, and the extent to which these loci are located on the X and Y chromosomes.
这项研究将对自然选择如何导致种群分化提供更深入的理解,这是物种形成的第一步,重点关注雄性和雌性之间的差异特征。这项研究的结果将解决选择在男性和女性之间如何变化的基本问题,以及这如何影响基因和染色体的结构。了解这些过程将拓宽我们对生物学核心问题的认识:为什么会有这么多不同种类的生物体?这项工作将培养几名本科生和研究生,以及一名博士后,在科学研究和公共宣传方面,并为他们提供建立国际合作的机会。研究人员将与印第安纳州布卢明顿WonderLab科学、健康和技术博物馆的科学家以及坦普尔顿小学的老师合作,举办有关授粉生物学和植物繁殖的公共展览。本研究将利用短命、草本、雌雄异株、多年生植物白色campion (Silene latifolia)来研究当地适应的遗传结构。研究人员推测,局部适应主要是通过雄性的选择发生的,这不仅导致了雄性和雌性之间的表型差异,而且局部适应的遗传基础与假常染色体位点有关。为了验证这一假设,他们将对来自西班牙和克罗地亚的两个在两性异形特征上高度不同的人群进行一项为期数年的相互移植实验。他们还将在温室和田间进行操纵实验,以确定:(1)哪些性状参与了局部适应(通过表型选择分析),以及水分和气温的变化如何影响这种适应(通过水和温度控制),(2)雄性是否在更大的选择下分化,以及(3)这些性状中是否存在性别拮抗。除了纯种群个体外,在西班牙和克罗地亚种植的F2后代将进一步确定哪些性状和数量性状位点(QTL)是两个栖息地之间差异选择的目标。他们将测量不同性状的QTL在多大程度上在其影响上是性别特异性的或在两性之间共享的,最后,负责适应性性状差异的QTL是否发生在性染色体的假常染色体区域。结果将决定雄性和雌性的哪些性状处于选择之下,雄性和雌性之间的拮抗选择在多大程度上涉及适应性种群分化,以及这些基因座在多大程度上位于X和Y染色体上。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Lynda Delph其他文献
Lynda Delph的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Lynda Delph', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: BEE: Ecological and evolutionary processes affecting the co-existence of close relatives
合作研究:BEE:影响近亲共存的生态和进化过程
- 批准号:
2015541 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
SG: Collaborative Research: Measuring intra-locus conflict across the genome in a dioecious plant
SG:合作研究:测量雌雄异株植物基因组中的位点内冲突
- 批准号:
1753629 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Coadaptation of a Nursery Pollinator and its Dioecious Host Plant
论文研究:苗圃传粉媒介及其雌雄异株寄主植物的相互适应
- 批准号:
1405737 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Haldane's rule in plants? A test using Silene species both with and without sex chromosomes
植物中的霍尔丹法则?
- 批准号:
0813766 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Using Artificial Correlational Selection to Evaluate the Causes of Sexual Dimorphism
使用人工相关选择来评估性别二态性的原因
- 批准号:
0210971 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Investigating the Evolution of Sexual Dimporphism via Artificial Selection and Field Experiments
通过人工选择和田间实验研究性二态性的进化
- 批准号:
0075318 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Cost-Benefits Tradeoffs Associated with Dimorphism in a Dioecious Plant
与雌雄异株植物二态性相关的成本效益权衡
- 批准号:
9629774 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Differential Seed Fitness in a Gynodioecious Plant: An Experimental Evaluation of Mechanisms
雌花异株植物种子适应性的差异:机制的实验评估
- 批准号:
9319002 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Dissertation Research: An Evolutionary Investigation of a Host-pathogen Interaction: Disease Dynamics and Selection on Host Breeding System
论文研究:宿主-病原体相互作用的进化研究:疾病动态和宿主育种系统的选择
- 批准号:
9411951 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
ROW: Resource Allocation Patterns in Dimorphic Plants
ROW:二态植物的资源分配模式
- 批准号:
9010556 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 67.21万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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