SHINE: Investigating the Dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections from the Sun using Advanced Image Processing and Stereoscopy Techniques

SHINE：使用先进的图像处理和立体技术研究太阳日冕物质抛射的动力学

• 批准号: 1358239
• 负责人: Shadia Habbal
• 金额: $ 30.5万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1358239&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHINE; Investigating; Dynamics; Coronal; Mass

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent the largest, most dynamic phenomena that originate from the Sun. CMEs are also the biggest drivers of geomagnetic storms here on Earth that can damage satellites or ground-based technology. Predicting how and when they might impact our planet requires knowledge of the physics governing their eruption and propagation through inter-planetary space. This project integrates elements of discovery, cutting-edge techniques and observations, and international collaboration to provide new insights on this topic of great economic and societal concern. Specifically, the project seeks to obtain new insight into the detailed structure and evolution of CMEs, using newly developed coronal image processing and stereoscopic techniques on multi-viewpoint observations of the solar corona that have only recently become available. The project will mostly be carried out by the co-investigator who is a postdoctoral fellow at University of Hawaii, under the mentor ship of the principal investigator, thereby promoting the research training of an early career scientist. International collaborators from United Kingdom and Ireland will also contribute to the project. This project concerns the development of improved methods for determining the dynamics of CME motion, and quantifying the associated uncertainties, which are proving successful for revealing the true trends in CME kinematics with much higher confidence than previously possible. These techniques also show great promise for exploring possible CME deflection and asymmetric expansion as they propagate through space. Specifically, the project will apply the advanced image processing methods of the CORIMP CME detection process, which combined with the recently developed elliptical tie-pointing technique allow for a three-dimensional analysis of CME structure and evolution for multiple events. Briefly stated, CORIMP characterizes the structure of CMEs in individual images via a dynamic separation process and multi-scale edge-detection algorithm, to study the dynamics of their propagation and evolution through space. The recently developed elliptical tie-pointing technique for 3D reconstructions of CMEs, is now being extended for use on combined SOHO and STEREO coronagraph images, in order to characterize CME morphology throughout the STEREO mission lifetime. As the spacecrafts have continued to separate in their orbits, they now provide unique observations from the far-side of the Sun, while SOHO provides ongoing observations from its location at L1 near Earth. A specific goal of the project is to generate 3D reconstructions of all candidate CMEs observed across the 7+ years of the STEREO mission.

日冕物质抛射（CME）代表了源自太阳的最大、最具活力的现象。日冕物质抛射也是地球上地磁风暴的最大驱动因素，可能会损坏卫星或地面技术。 预测它们如何以及何时影响我们的星球需要了解控制它们在行星际空间中喷发和传播的物理学知识。 该项目整合了发现、尖端技术和观察以及国际合作的要素，为这一备受经济和社会关注的主题提供新的见解。具体来说，该项目旨在利用新开发的日冕图像处理和立体技术对日冕进行多视点观测，从而获得对日冕物质抛射的详细结构和演化的新见解。该项目主要由夏威夷大学博士后共同研究员在首席研究员的指导下进行，从而促进早期职业科学家的研究培训。 来自英国和爱尔兰的国际合作者也将为该项目做出贡献。该项目涉及开发确定 CME 运动动力学并量化相关不确定性的改进方法，事实证明，这些方法成功地揭示了 CME 运动学的真实趋势，并且比以前更有信心。这些技术还显示出探索太空中传播时可能发生的日冕物质抛射偏转和不对称膨胀的巨大前景。具体来说，该项目将应用 CORIMP CME 检测过程的先进图像处理方法，结合最近开发的椭圆领带指向技术，可以对多个事件的 CME 结构和演化进行三维分析。简而言之，CORIMP 通过动态分离过程和多尺度边缘检测算法来表征单幅图像中日冕物质抛射的结构，以研究其在空间中传播和​​演化的动态。最近开发的用于 CME 3D 重建的椭圆连接指向技术现已扩展用于 SOHO 和 STEREO 日冕仪组合图像，以便在整个 STEREO 任务生命周期中表征 CME 形态。随着航天器继续在轨道上分离，它们现在从太阳的远端提供独特的观测，而 SOHO 从其靠近地球的 L1 位置提供持续的观测。该项目的一个具体目标是对 STEREO 任务 7 年多期间观察到的所有候选日冕物质抛射生成 3D 重建。