NSF RAPID: The 2013 Rim Fire: Survey of Potential Water Quality Impacts on the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir System

NSF RAPID：2013 年边缘火灾：对赫奇赫奇水库系统潜在水质影响的调查

• 批准号: 1361454
• 负责人: Terri Hogue
• 金额: $ 4.98万
• 依托单位: Colorado School of Mines
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-11-15 至 2015-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1361454&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; RAPID; 2013; Rim; Fire

Wildfires have a direct/immediate impact on physical and chemical processes in watersheds including acute loss of vegetation and soil organic matter, decreased soil cohesion, enhanced soil water repellency, ash layer deposition, decreased infiltration and increased runoff. These changes greatly impact the magnitude and timing of post-fire peak flows. Water quality is also impacted by fires often resulting in increases in nutrients and suspended sediment. The goal of this RAPID proposal is to collect immediate and essential field observations of hydro-geochemical behavior within pristine mountain reservoir systems following a catastrophic wildfire. The proposed work will address a significant gap in our knowledge of the coupling of hydrologic flux and water quality in sub-alpine, snow-dominated post-fire systems, especially with regards to trace metal behavior after a catastrophic wildfire.The Rim Fire, which has burned 255,858 acres, is the third largest fire in California?s history and is one of the largest in the Sierra Nevada. Post-fire processes threaten water supplies to the city of San Francisco as well as 29 other wholesale buyers. Water supply from the Hetch Hetchy reservoir system (three lakes in total) is unfiltered and therefore especially vulnerable to increased turbidity and sediment loads as a consequence of the Rim Fire. Collected data will ultimately be used to develop models and predictive tools to quantify short and long-term impacts on water quantity, sediment flux and contaminant loads into Hetch Hetchy and other regional lakes which encompass a nearly singular input to the SF water supply system.

野火对流域中的物理和化学过程有直接/直接的影响，包括急性植被和土壤有机物，土壤凝聚力降低，土壤抑制增加，灰分层沉积，减少渗透和径流增加。 这些变化极大地影响了火后峰流的大小和时机。 水质也受到火灾的影响，通常会导致营养和悬浮沉积物的增加。这项快速提案的目的是在灾难性的野火之后收集原始山区水库系统中水力化学行为的立即和基本的现场观察。 拟议的工作将解决我们在亚高山，积雪主导的火灾后系统中对水文通量和水质耦合的了解，尤其是在灾难性野火之后追踪金属行为的问题。边缘火灾（烧毁了255,858英亩）是加利福尼亚的第三大火灾，是加利福尼亚州的第三大火灾？火后流程威胁到旧金山市以及其他29个批发买家的水供应。 Hetch Hetchy储层系统（总共三个湖泊）的供水未经过滤，因此尤其容易受到轮辋火灾的浊度和沉积物负荷的影响。收集的数据最终将用于开发模型和预测工具，以量化对水数，沉积物通量和污染物载荷的短期和长期影响，以将Hetch Hetchy和其他区域湖泊量化，这些湖泊涵盖了SF供水系统几乎单数输入。