NSF RAPID: The 2013 Rim Fire: Survey of Potential Water Quality Impacts on the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir System

NSF RAPID：2013 年边缘火灾：对赫奇赫奇水库系统潜在水质影响的调查

• 批准号: 1361454
• 负责人: Terri Hogue
• 金额: $ 4.98万
• 依托单位: Colorado School of Mines
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-11-15 至 2015-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1361454&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; RAPID; 2013; Rim; Fire

Wildfires have a direct/immediate impact on physical and chemical processes in watersheds including acute loss of vegetation and soil organic matter, decreased soil cohesion, enhanced soil water repellency, ash layer deposition, decreased infiltration and increased runoff. These changes greatly impact the magnitude and timing of post-fire peak flows. Water quality is also impacted by fires often resulting in increases in nutrients and suspended sediment. The goal of this RAPID proposal is to collect immediate and essential field observations of hydro-geochemical behavior within pristine mountain reservoir systems following a catastrophic wildfire. The proposed work will address a significant gap in our knowledge of the coupling of hydrologic flux and water quality in sub-alpine, snow-dominated post-fire systems, especially with regards to trace metal behavior after a catastrophic wildfire.The Rim Fire, which has burned 255,858 acres, is the third largest fire in California?s history and is one of the largest in the Sierra Nevada. Post-fire processes threaten water supplies to the city of San Francisco as well as 29 other wholesale buyers. Water supply from the Hetch Hetchy reservoir system (three lakes in total) is unfiltered and therefore especially vulnerable to increased turbidity and sediment loads as a consequence of the Rim Fire. Collected data will ultimately be used to develop models and predictive tools to quantify short and long-term impacts on water quantity, sediment flux and contaminant loads into Hetch Hetchy and other regional lakes which encompass a nearly singular input to the SF water supply system.

野火对流域的物理和化学过程有直接/即时的影响，包括植被和土壤有机质的严重损失，土壤凝聚力下降，土壤防水性增强，灰层沉积，渗透减少和径流增加。 这些变化极大地影响了火灾后峰值流量的大小和时间。 水质也受到火灾的影响，往往导致营养物和悬浮沉积物的增加。该RAPID提案的目标是收集灾难性野火后原始山区水库系统内水文地球化学行为的即时和必要的现场观察结果。 拟议的工作将解决一个显着的差距，我们的知识耦合的水文通量和水质在亚高山，雪为主的火灾后系统，特别是关于痕量金属行为后，灾难性的wildfire.The边缘火灾，已烧毁255,858英亩，是第三大火灾在加州？它是内华达州最大的山脉之一。火灾后的过程威胁到旧金山弗朗西斯科市以及其他29个批发买家的供水。Hetch Hetchy水库系统（总共三个湖）的供水未经过滤，因此特别容易受到边缘火灾造成的浊度和沉积物负荷增加的影响。收集的数据最终将用于开发模型和预测工具，以量化对水量，沉积物通量和污染物负荷的短期和长期影响，这些影响进入Hetch Hetchy和其他区域湖泊，这些湖泊几乎是SF供水系统的单一输入。