Workshop: Stress in the Healthy Organism, December 5-6, 2013, Arlington, Virginia

脊椎动物的应激反应（涉及保护生物体免受应激源的生理机制）是恢复力的主要机制，也是生物相互作用（生物体之间）以及生物体与其非生命环境（非生物相互作用）之间的重要转换器。 然而，令人惊讶的是，即使在研究压力近100年之后，压力生物学的整个领域仍然缺乏一个综合理论和相关模型，无法进行定量和预测性研究，将压力反应的多种机制和结果联系起来。 该研讨会将包括相同数量的对动物压力基础生物学感兴趣的研究人员（通常由NSF资助）和对压力在健康人类中的作用感兴趣的研究人员（由NASA的研究人员代表）。 NSF资助的研究人员和NASA的研究人员有着实质性的共同点。 这两个群体都对压力生物学如何在健康个体中表现而不是疾病的原因感兴趣。然而，由于研究范围受到概念和方法的限制，这两个群体通常不会互动。这两个社区都看到了通过分享他们的观点和发展多学科合作在理解这一复杂的生物学领域方面取得实质性进展的机会。研讨会产生的交叉施肥应产生新的见解概念和技术的挑战和机遇，这将有助于指导未来的研究在两个社区。 研讨会的总体目标是：1.识别并克服阻碍进展的瓶颈; 2.开始制定具体的研究方法，以实施综合研究。 该研讨会可能会对该领域产生深远的影响，促进发展一个新的概念模型的压力。这样的模型可以导致更多的定量，预测性研究，将细胞和生理应激反应与个体，群体和物种水平的结果联系起来。主要研究员预计将发表一份同行审查的讲习班报告。讲习班与会者确定并由报告传播的新的研究途径将为进一步研究提供蓝图，这将对许多科学领域产生广泛影响。

The vertebrate stress response (the physiological mechanisms involved in protecting an organism from a stressor) is a major mechanism of resilience and an important transducer of biotic interactions (between organisms), and between organisms and their non-living environment (abiotic interactions). It is astonishing, however, that even after nearly 100 years of studying stress, the overall field of stress biology lacks an integrated theory and associated models to enable quantitative and predictive research connecting the multiple mechanisms and outcomes of the stress response. This workshop will include equal numbers of researchers interested in the basic biology of stress in animals (typically funded by NSF) and researchers interested in the role of stress in healthy humans specifically (represented by researchers from NASA). NSF-funded and NASA researchers have substantial common ground. Both communities are interested in how stress biology is manifested in healthy individuals, rather than a cause of disease. However, these two communities do not typically interact owing to the conceptual and methodological constraints on the scope of their research. Both communities see an opportunity to make substantial progress in understanding this complex area of biology by sharing their perspectives and developing multidisciplinary collaborations. The cross-fertilization created by the workshop should yield novel insights about conceptual and technical challenges and opportunities, which will help guide future research in both communities. The overarching aims of the workshop will be to: 1. Identify and surmount bottlenecks that are preventing progress, and 2. Begin to develop specific research approaches to implement integrated studies. This workshop could have profound impacts on the field by facilitating the development of a new conceptual model of stress. Such a model could result in more quantitative, predictive research linking cellular and physiological stress responses with individual-, population- and species-level outcomes. The Principal Investigator anticipates publishing a peer reviewed workshop report. New avenues of research identified by the workshop participants and disseminated by the report will provide a blueprint for further study that should have a broad impact on many scientific fields.