Workshop: Stress in the Healthy Organism, December 5-6, 2013, Arlington, Virginia

脊椎动物的应激反应（保护生物体免受应激源影响的生理机制）是恢复力的主要机制，也是生物相互作用（生物之间）和生物与其非生物环境之间（非生物相互作用）的重要传感器。然而，令人惊讶的是，即使经过近100年的压力研究，整个压力生物学领域仍缺乏一个完整的理论和相关模型来进行定量和预测研究，将压力反应的多种机制和结果联系起来。本次研讨会将包括同等数量的对动物压力的基本生物学感兴趣的研究人员（通常由美国国家科学基金会资助）和对压力在健康人类中的作用感兴趣的研究人员（由美国国家航空航天局的研究人员代表）。美国国家科学基金会资助的研究人员和美国国家航空航天局的研究人员有很大的共同点。这两个群体都对压力生物学如何在健康个体中表现出来感兴趣，而不是疾病的原因。然而，由于他们的研究范围在概念和方法上的限制，这两个群体通常不会相互作用。通过分享他们的观点和发展多学科合作，两个社区都看到了在理解这一复杂的生物学领域取得实质性进展的机会。讲习班所创造的相互作用应产生关于概念和技术挑战与机遇的新见解，这将有助于指导这两个领域今后的研究。研讨会的主要目标是：1。识别并克服阻碍进展的瓶颈；开始制定具体的研究方法来实施综合研究。这次研讨会通过促进新的应力概念模型的发展，可能对该领域产生深远的影响。这样的模型可能会导致更多定量的、预测性的研究，将细胞和生理应激反应与个体、种群和物种水平的结果联系起来。首席研究员预计发表同行评议的研讨会报告。讲习班参与者确定并由报告传播的新的研究途径将为进一步研究提供蓝图，这将对许多科学领域产生广泛影响。

The vertebrate stress response (the physiological mechanisms involved in protecting an organism from a stressor) is a major mechanism of resilience and an important transducer of biotic interactions (between organisms), and between organisms and their non-living environment (abiotic interactions). It is astonishing, however, that even after nearly 100 years of studying stress, the overall field of stress biology lacks an integrated theory and associated models to enable quantitative and predictive research connecting the multiple mechanisms and outcomes of the stress response. This workshop will include equal numbers of researchers interested in the basic biology of stress in animals (typically funded by NSF) and researchers interested in the role of stress in healthy humans specifically (represented by researchers from NASA). NSF-funded and NASA researchers have substantial common ground. Both communities are interested in how stress biology is manifested in healthy individuals, rather than a cause of disease. However, these two communities do not typically interact owing to the conceptual and methodological constraints on the scope of their research. Both communities see an opportunity to make substantial progress in understanding this complex area of biology by sharing their perspectives and developing multidisciplinary collaborations. The cross-fertilization created by the workshop should yield novel insights about conceptual and technical challenges and opportunities, which will help guide future research in both communities. The overarching aims of the workshop will be to: 1. Identify and surmount bottlenecks that are preventing progress, and 2. Begin to develop specific research approaches to implement integrated studies. This workshop could have profound impacts on the field by facilitating the development of a new conceptual model of stress. Such a model could result in more quantitative, predictive research linking cellular and physiological stress responses with individual-, population- and species-level outcomes. The Principal Investigator anticipates publishing a peer reviewed workshop report. New avenues of research identified by the workshop participants and disseminated by the report will provide a blueprint for further study that should have a broad impact on many scientific fields.