Emerging viruses in western and southern Africa:Molecular identification and characterization of rodent-, shrew-, and bat-borne hantaviruses and assessment of their impact on public health

西部和南部非洲的新病毒：啮齿动物、鼩鼱和蝙蝠传播的汉坦病毒的分子鉴定和特征分析及其对公共卫生影响的评估

• 批准号: 214752181
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Detlev H. Krüger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Dept. of Conservation, Ecology and Entomology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/214752181?language=en
• 关键词: Emerging; viruses; western; southern; Africa

Hantaviruses, members of the family Bunyaviridae, are emerging viruses causing two lifethreatening human zoonoses; hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. The viruses are transmitted from animal reservoirs to humans. Based on our very recent evidence of hantaviruses in rodent, shrew, and bat reservoirs in Africa (Sangassou, Tanganya, and Magboi virus, respectively) and of the occurrence of hantavirus disease in Africa, the joint project of German and African groups will evaluate the biodiversity of hantaviruses and their natural animal reservoirs in western and southern Africa. Biological and genetic properties of the newly discovered African hantaviruses will be analyzed in order to assess their relevance for human health and to infer molecular evolution of hantaviruses in their natural hosts. Moreover, specific diagnostic approaches will be developed for newly found African hantaviruses. Since hantaviruses were detected to date only in the Western part of the African continent, our studies will be extended to more countries of this region. Moreover, bats – in addition to rodents and shrews – will be investigated as potential hantavirus hosts. This continued effort will result in capacity building for the detection and characterization of hantaviruses and other emerging zoonotic viruses in African laboratories and to the development of virus-diagnostic and public health expertise for the control of zoonotic infections originating from small mammals.

汉坦病毒是布尼亚病毒科的成员，是引起两种危及人类生命的人畜共患病的新兴病毒：肾综合征出血热和汉坦病毒心肺综合征。病毒从动物宿主传播给人类。根据我们最近在非洲啮齿动物、鼩 鼱和蝙蝠宿主中发现汉坦病毒（分别为Sangassou、Tanganya和Magboi病毒）以及汉坦病毒病在非洲发生的证据，德国和非洲小组的联合项目将评估西部和南部非洲汉坦病毒及其自然动物宿主的生物多样性。将分析新发现的非洲汉他病毒的生物学和遗传特性，以评估其与人类健康的相关性，并推断汉他病毒在其自然宿主中的分子进化。此外，将为新发现的非洲汉他病毒制定具体的诊断方法。由于迄今为止仅在非洲大陆西部发现汉坦病毒，我们的研究将扩大到该区域更多的国家。此外，蝙蝠-除了啮齿动物和鼩 鼱-将被调查为潜在的汉坦病毒宿主。这一持续努力将导致在非洲实验室进行汉坦病毒和其他新出现的人畜共患病病毒的检测和定性能力建设，并发展病毒诊断和公共卫生专门知识，以控制源自小型哺乳动物的人畜共患病感染。