Damage and Instability Detection of Civil Large-scale Space Structures Under Operational and Multi-hazard Environments based on Change in Macro-geometrical Patterns/Shapes

体育场馆、竞技场和礼堂等民用建筑通常是为数百甚至数千人聚集的场所而建造的。此类结构的屋顶穹顶可能倒塌，可能会危及许多人的生命。这项研究的重点是大型圆顶的自动结构健康监测系统，该系统可以对因不稳定或结构构件损坏导致倒塌的结构问题提供早期预警。早期预警可以促进修复或拆除的决策，让公众和业主都无后顾之忧。该系统可用于保护历史建筑（例如大教堂）、验证圆顶结构修复​​的适当性以及评估地震或强风事件后这些结构的健康状况。这项研究的目的是开发创新而实用的方法来检测运行或多危险环境下空间结构的损坏和不稳定性。该研究目标将通过三项研究任务来实现：1）开发一种利用分形几何根据结构构件配置的分形图案状态检测损伤的方法； 2) 开发不同的方法来检测不稳定性，包括单个构件屈曲、节点突弹不稳定性或动态不稳定性； 3）通过无线传感器网络将这些方法与多度量测量（倾斜角、应变和/或加速度）集成，形成结构健康监测系统。目标是实现损坏、不稳定和潜在倒塌的自动预警。尽管投影方法适用于结构的形状/图案变化，但不需要直接位移测量。形状/图案的变化战略性地反映在倾斜角度、应变和加速度上，这些都可以轻松测量。这些方法也不需要基线响应数据。所开发的结构健康监测系统可以检测不稳定性并可以在多种危险环境下工作。

Civil structures such as sports stadiums, arenas and auditoriums are usually built for venues where hundreds or even thousands of people assemble. A possible collapse of roof dome of this type of structure may risk many lives. This research focuses on an automatic structural health monitoring system for large domes that can provide early warning of structural problems from instability or damage to structural members resulting in collapse. Early warning can facilitate decision-making on repair or demolition, leading to worry-free structures for both the general public and the owners. The system has potential use to protect historical structures (e.g., cathedrals), to verify the appropriateness of repairs of dome structures, and to evaluate the health condition of these structures after an earthquake or a strong wind event. The objective of this research is to develop innovative yet practical approaches to detect damage and instability in space structures under operational or multi-hazard environments. This research objective will be achieved through three research tasks: 1) develop an approach to detect damage based on the status of fractal patterns of structural member configuration using fractal geometry; 2) develop different approaches to detect instabilities, including individual members buckling, nodal snap-through instability or dynamic instability; and 3) integrate these approaches through a wireless sensor network with multi-metric measurements (tilt angles, strains and/or accelerations) to form a structural health monitoring system. The goal is to achieve automatic early-warning of damage, instability and potential collapse. Although projected approaches work on the shape/pattern changes of the structure, no direct displacement measurements will be required. The shape/pattern changes are strategically reflected in tilt angles, strains and accelerations, which can be measured easily. These approaches also do not require baseline response data. The developed structural health monitoring system can detect instability and can work under multi-hazard environments.