SusChEM: Environmentally sustainable concretes enabled by multiscale investigation of ancient Roman concretes

SusChEM:通过对古罗马混凝土的多尺度研究实现环境可持续混凝土

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1410557
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2014-07-01 至 2018-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Production of concrete based on Portland cement hydration is an energy intensive process responsible for a staggering 5-8% of the annual global CO2 emissions. The concretes of ancient Roman monuments and seawater harbors, produced from volcanic rocks and hydrated lime, have a far smaller CO2 footprint than conventional Portland cement concretes, far greater chemical and mechanical resistance to decay, and take a smaller energy budget to produce. The secret to the environmental sustainability of the 2000-year old concretes is traced to the chemical nature of the mortar binder. The goal of the project is to gain a fundamental understanding of this chemistry. The broader impact of this work lies in its positive contributions to interdisciplinary science, society, and educational and outreach activities. The research will provide guideposts for greater sustainability of our resources (both energy and clean water) and future applications to high performance concretes, as well as to increased durability of Portland cement concretes blended with environmentally-friendly supplemental materials, and including seawater, which conserves fresh water resources. From a societal perspective, the research has the potential to transform traditional concepts of the concrete industry based on Portland cement hydration, to binding mechanisms inherent in naturally-occurring volcanic ash deposits. The results may also be of value in developing improved methods for conservation of ancient structures and more recent concrete structures. From an economic perspective, it will contribute to "green" construction, an important growth sector of the national economy. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: This project aims to gain a fundamental understanding of the hydration mechanisms, binding mechanisms, cation exchange properties, and nanoscale mechanical properties of 2000-year old cementitious components of Roman concretes. The research is based on a nanostructural approach that focusses on thin, intact slices of mortars, already prepared from the Baianus Sinus breakwater (first century BC) in Pozzuoli Bay near Naples, Italy, and reproductions of these materials prepared with Campi Flegrei volcanic ash. The primary analytical techniques include X-ray microdiffraction (to identify crystalline phases), Raman spectroscopy (for structural and vibrational properties and bonding environment characterization), nuclear magnetic resonance (for Si-O and Al-O bonding environments), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (for detailed nanostructural studies), nanoindentation to assess mechanical properties of these phases (modulus, hardness, strength) with nanoscale resolution, and engineering strength and durability testing for the mortar reproductions. It is anticipated that this research will result in new formulations of high performance concretes with a lifetime improvement of over one order of magnitude, and in new processes designed specifically for reduced waste product, especially CO2 emissions, and for much higher energy efficiency than current processes. A significant impact of this project is in education, in particular by training graduate and undergraduate students in several disciplinary areas: materials science, earth science, archaeological science, and civil engineering.
非技术描述:基于波特兰水泥水化的混凝土生产是一个能源密集型过程,其二氧化碳排放量占全球年度二氧化碳排放量的惊人5-8%。古罗马古迹和海港的混凝土由火山岩和熟石灰制成,其二氧化碳排放量远小于传统的波特兰水泥混凝土,具有更强的化学和机械抗腐蚀性,并且生产所需的能源预算更少。 2000年历史的混凝土的环境可持续性的秘密可以追溯到砂浆粘合剂的化学性质。该项目的目标是获得对这种化学的基本了解。 这项工作的广泛影响在于它对跨学科科学、社会、教育和外联活动的积极贡献。该研究将为我们的资源(能源和清洁水)的更大可持续性和未来高性能混凝土的应用提供指导,以及增加与环保补充材料混合的波特兰水泥混凝土的耐久性,包括海水,这将节省淡水资源。从社会的角度来看,这项研究有可能改变传统的概念,混凝土工业的基础上波特兰水泥水化,在自然发生的火山灰沉积固有的约束机制。研究结果也可能是有价值的,在开发改进的方法,保护古代结构和更近的混凝土结构。 从经济角度看,将有助于“绿色”建设这一国民经济的重要增长板块。技术说明:该项目旨在对2000年前罗马混凝土的水泥基成分的水化机制、结合机制、阳离子交换性能和纳米级机械性能有一个基本的了解。这项研究是基于一种纳米结构的方法,重点是薄,完整的砂浆片,已经准备从拜亚努斯窦防波堤(公元前世纪)在波佐利湾附近的那不勒斯,意大利,和复制品的这些材料准备与坎皮Flegrei火山灰。主要的分析技术包括X射线微衍射(用于识别晶相)、拉曼光谱(用于结构和振动特性以及键合环境表征),核磁共振(Si-O和Al-O键合环境),高分辨率透射电子显微镜(用于详细的纳米结构研究),纳米压痕以评估这些相的机械性能(模量、硬度、强度),以及砂浆复制品的工程强度和耐久性测试。预计这项研究将导致高性能混凝土的新配方,其寿命提高超过一个数量级,并在专门为减少废物,特别是二氧化碳排放量而设计的新工艺中,以及比当前工艺高得多的能源效率。该项目对教育产生了重大影响,特别是通过培训几个学科领域的研究生和本科生:材料科学,地球科学,考古学和土木工程。

项目成果

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Roya Maboudian其他文献

Lubrication of polycrystalline silicon MEMS via a thin silicon carbide coating
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.036
  • 发表时间:
    2013-04-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Ian Laboriante;Anton Suwandi;Carlo Carraro;Roya Maboudian
  • 通讯作者:
    Roya Maboudian
Resolving sub-nm steps with a low-voltage miniature scanning electron microscope
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.mee.2008.11.065
  • 发表时间:
    2009-04-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Lawrence Muray;James Spallas;Charles Silver;Scott Indermuehle;Nicola Ferralis;Carlo Carraro;Roya Maboudian
  • 通讯作者:
    Roya Maboudian
Exploring characteristics of palladium-loaded tin (IV) oxide nanohybrids towards chemiresistive gas sensing
探索负载钯的氧化锡(IV)纳米杂化物在化学电阻式气体传感方面的特性
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162530
  • 发表时间:
    2025-05-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    6.900
  • 作者:
    Yaprak Ozbakir;Zhou Li;Qi Zheng;Jiyun Hong;Jorge E. Perez-Aguilar;Simon R. Bare;Afnan Ali Alghannam;Nishit Goel;Stephen Bart;Carlo Carraro;Roya Maboudian
  • 通讯作者:
    Roya Maboudian
Functionalization of Scanning Force Microscopy Cantilevers via Galvanic Displacement Technique
  • DOI:
    10.1023/a:1012581432477
  • 发表时间:
    2001-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.300
  • 作者:
    Michaela C. Fritz;Carlo Carraro;Roya Maboudian
  • 通讯作者:
    Roya Maboudian
Nickel and platinum ohmic contacts to polycrystalline 3C-silicon carbide
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.mseb.2007.03.006
  • 发表时间:
    2007-05-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Jingchun Zhang;Roger T. Howe;Roya Maboudian
  • 通讯作者:
    Roya Maboudian

Roya Maboudian的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Roya Maboudian', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: ISS: Assessing the Effect of Microgravity on Growth and Properties of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Crystals
合作研究:ISS:评估微重力对金属有机框架 (MOF) 晶体生长和性能的影响
  • 批准号:
    2224465
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Fundamental Investigation of Preferred Orientation Mechanism in Concrete
混凝土择优取向机制的基础研究
  • 批准号:
    1935604
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
ISS: Collaborative Research: Examination of the Multi-physical Properties of Microgravity-synthesized Graphene Aerogels
ISS:合作研究:微重力合成石墨烯气凝胶的多物理性质检验
  • 批准号:
    1929447
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Metal-organic framework chemical-sensitive field effect transistor for highly selective gas sensing
用于高选择性气体传感的金属有机框架化学敏感场效应晶体管
  • 批准号:
    1903188
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
PFI:AIR - TT: Microheater-based Platform for Combustible Gas Sensing
PFI:AIR - TT:基于微加热器的可燃气体传感平台
  • 批准号:
    1444950
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Investigation of Growth and Dopant Incorporation in Silicon Carbide Nanowires
碳化硅纳米线的生长和掺杂剂掺入研究
  • 批准号:
    1207053
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Transport Imaging of Semiconductor Nanowires
合作研究:半导体纳米线的传输成像
  • 批准号:
    0804646
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Graphene on Heterepitaxial Silicon Carbide - Steps towards a Manufacturable Process
异质外延碳化硅上的石墨烯 - 迈向可制造工艺的步骤
  • 批准号:
    0825531
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Wear of MEMS: Metrology, Hard Coatings and Process Integration
MEMS 磨损:计量、硬涂层和工艺集成
  • 批准号:
    0355339
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NIRT: Functionalized Nanowires for Electromechanical and Optical Detection of Biomolecules with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Specificity
NIRT:用于生物分子机电和光学检测的功能化纳米线,具有超高灵敏度和特异性
  • 批准号:
    0304209
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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