MRI: Acquisition of an Advanced X-Ray Diffraction System to Support Interdisciplinary Research and Education

MRI：购买先进的 X 射线衍射系统以支持跨学科研究和教育

• 批准号: 1429241
• 负责人: Gregory Druschel
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1429241&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; Advanced; Ray; Diffraction

Non-technical: This NSF-Major Research Instrumentation award for an advanced X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) system, with materials structure and size analysis capabilities down to atomic scale, fulfills critical research and educational needs at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). The XRD system enhances IUPUI's shared instrumentation profile, and supports faculty and students across many schools and departments by providing capabilities for a range of interdisciplinary scientific discovery and workforce training. This instrumentation significantly broadens investigator ability to characterize the properties of solid materials, especially of nanoscale-size, for fundamental research projects that provide the basis for applications in Earth Sciences (ore and energy deposits, water quality, and minerals impacts on human health), Nanotechnology (new materials development for energy, industry, and biomedical applications), and Biophysical research (biological membrane function in biomaterials including amino acids, detergents, and pharmaceuticals). Supporting the development of the nation's 21st century science and engineering workforce, this instrumentation is used in both key coursework across several disciplines and is central to educational outreach programs for K-12 students and teachers across Indiana and the U.S. Technical: Characterization of solid state material structure and size is a critical research need for an array of IUPUI researchers. The advanced X-ray diffraction (XRD) system supports growing research efforts in many fields by providing high resolution and high throughput diffraction data, the ability to acquire data on samples contained in a controlled temperature and atmospheric chamber, and the capability of gathering small angle X-ray scattering information for both solids and thin films. These advances make quantification of many nanoscale material properties possible, support 22 major ongoing projects and open new avenues of interdisciplinary research for at least 20 faculty and their associated research groups at IUPUI. Current faculty research areas include: Earth Sciences, understanding mineral distribution and reactivity linked to human health and characterizing mineral transformations key to water quality, ore and energy materials, evolution of earth and life through time, and structural geology in a range of temperature, pressure, and atmospheric conditions; Energy Storage and Photovoltaic Technologies, for advanced energy applications; Nanomaterials, for industrial and biomaterials applications (e.g., implants and ceramic materials); and Biophysics, investigating the molecular arrangement of proteins and lipids within biological membranes. The system enables scientific activities including detailed analysis of samples from environmental and geologic settings coupled with the ability to characterize mineral assemblages at varying temperature and atmospheric conditions to probe mineral reactivity. Nanomaterials characterization via both high resolution XRD and small-angle X-ray scattering is greatly enhanced, with added ability to determine pore size, crystallinity, and structural variations key to development of new materials. Assessing the fundamental properties of lipid membranes is also made possible through XRD and small-angle X-ray scattering capabilities that can measure molecular correlations at small length scales to address domain formation, a structural feature considered relevant to functions of biomembranes. In addition to its impact on research, the system enhances educational offerings and student training across disciplines at IUPUI. The instrumentation resides in shared research facility, which expands the user base to other academic investigators and local industry.

非技术性：这项 NSF 主要研究仪器奖授予先进的 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 系统，该系统具有原子尺度的材料结构和尺寸分析功能，满足印第安纳大学-普渡大学印第安纳波利斯分校 (IUPUI) 的关键研究和教育需求。 XRD 系统增强了 IUPUI 的共享仪器配置，并通过提供一系列跨学科科学发现和劳动力培训的功能，为许多学校和部门的教职员工和学生提供支持。该仪器显着提高了研究人员表征固体材料（尤其是纳米级尺寸）特性的能力，适用于基础研究项目，为地球科学（矿石和能源矿藏、水质以及矿物质对人类健康的影响）、纳米技术（能源、工业和生物医学应用的新材料开发）和生物物理研究（生物材料中的生物膜功能，包括氨基酸、 洗涤剂和药品）。该仪器支持国家 21 世纪科学和工程劳动力的发展，用于多个学科的关键课程，并且是印第安纳州和美国 K-12 学生和教师教育推广项目的核心。技术：固态材料结构和尺寸的表征是 IUPUI 众多研究人员的一项关键研究需求。先进的 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 系统通过提供高分辨率和高通量衍射数据、获取受控温度和大气室中样品数据的能力以及收集固体和薄膜的小角度 X 射线散射信息的能力，支持许多领域不断发展的研究工作。这些进步使许多纳米级材料特性的量化成为可能，支持 22 个正在进行的重大项目，并为 IUPUI 的至少 20 名教师及其相关研究小组开辟了跨学科研究的新途径。目前教师的研究领域包括：地球科学，了解与人类健康相关的矿物分布和反应性，表征对水质、矿石和能源材料至关重要的矿物转化，地球和生命随时间的演化，以及一系列温度、压力和大气条件下的结构地质学；储能和光伏技术，用于先进的能源应用；纳米材料，用于工业和生物材料应用（例如植入物和陶瓷材料）；和生物物理学，研究生物膜内蛋白质和脂质的分子排列。该系统支持科学活动，包括对环境和地质环境中的样品进行详细分析，并能够在不同温度和大气条件下表征矿物组合，以探测矿物反应性。通过高分辨率 XRD 和小角 X 射线散射进行的纳米材料表征得到极大增强，并增加了确定孔径、结晶度和结构变化的能力，这对新材料的开发至关重要。通过 XRD 和小角度 X 射线散射功能也可以评估脂质膜的基本特性，这些功能可以测量小长度尺度的分子相关性，以解决域形成问题，这是一种被认为与生物膜功能相关的结构特征。除了对研究的影响外，该系统还增强了 IUPUI 跨学科的教育服务和学生培训。该仪器位于共享研究设施中，这将用户群扩展到其他学术研究人员和当地工业界。