Collaborative Research: Interacting Disturbances: leaf to landscape dynamics of emerging disease, fire and drought in California coastal forests

合作研究：相互作用的干扰：加州沿海森林中新出现的疾病、火灾和干旱的叶子到景观动态

• 批准号: 1430134
• 负责人: Ross Meentemeyer
• 金额: $ 64.74万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-11-22 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1430134&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Interacting; Disturbances; leaf

Over the past decade, millions of trees in California and Oregon forests have been attacked by an exotic pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, causal agent of the infectious forest disease known as sudden oak death. This destructive outbreak is occurring in redwood and oak woodland communities in the same places that have also recently experienced devastating wildfires and extreme droughts. This research will use a novel combination of molecular, greenhouse, field, and computational modeling techniques to understand how disturbances created by wildfire, drought, and infectious disease interact and impact forest ecosystems. Results are expected to illuminate how wildfire affects the persistence and spread of an invasive pathogen, how biodiversity impacts emergence of disease in disturbed vs. undisturbed plant communities, and how these interacting disturbances alter nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. The combined research on the ecology of infectious disease, wildfire and drought will help develop best management practices for the growing number of forested landscapes around the world that are being impacted by complex, interacting disturbances. Outreach to stakeholders will be implemented through two highly effective organizations - University of California Cooperative Extension and the California Oak Mortality Task Force. The investigators will also be actively involved with advising state, federal and International regulatory committees put in place to create policy for managing sudden oak death and other forest diseases.

在过去的十年里，加利福尼亚和俄勒冈州的森林里有数百万棵树受到了一种外来病原体的攻击，这种病原体是一种叫做橡树猝死病的传染性森林疾病的病原体。这种破坏性的爆发发生在红木和橡树林地社区，这些社区最近也经历了毁灭性的野火和极端干旱。这项研究将使用分子、温室、田间和计算建模技术的新组合来了解野火、干旱和传染病造成的干扰如何相互作用并影响森林生态系统。研究结果有望阐明野火如何影响入侵病原体的持续和传播，生物多样性如何影响受干扰与未受干扰植物群落中疾病的出现，以及这些相互作用的干扰如何改变森林生态系统中的营养循环。关于传染病、野火和干旱生态学的综合研究将有助于为世界上越来越多的森林景观制定最佳管理做法，这些景观正在受到复杂的、相互作用的干扰的影响。与利益相关者的联系将通过两个非常有效的组织- -加利福尼亚大学合作推广和加利福尼亚橡树死亡率特别工作组- -实施。调查人员还将积极参与为州、联邦和国际监管委员会提供建议，以制定管理橡树猝死和其他森林疾病的政策。