SBIR Phase II: Advanced Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

SBIR第二阶段：先进加氢脱硫催化剂

• 批准号: 1430633
• 负责人: Juan He
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: Advanced Energy Materials, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1430633&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Advanced; Hydrodesulfurization

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project is in removing sulfur compounds from various fuels such as diesel, gasoline and mixture of refined fuels known as transmix. It is critically important to reduce sulfur levels below 10 ppm as the emissions from transportation vehicles can cause acid rain and associated undesired effects. Sulfur removal from fuels is even more critical for implementation of fuel cell technologies due to fuel reformer catalyst poisoning at sulfur levels as low as 1 ppm or below. Finally, there is a need for sulfur-tolerant catalysts and sulfur removal processes in value added chemical production using bio-derived and fossil derived fuels. The global market for hydro-desulfurization catalysts in the transportation fuel segment is estimated at over $1B and growing fast. The company's proposed catalyst could address a market size of $150-200M/yr or more. It may find additional applications in commercial markets in ultra-low sulfur diesel, fuel reformer technology and sulfur tolerant catalysts. The development of a scalable manufacturing method for advanced materials undertaken in this project will contribute to U.S. competitiveness and strengthen Cleantech and energy sectors in the state of KY. This project addresses the development of high performance catalysts needed for the removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon fuels. However, sulfur removal at concentrations below 50 ppm is difficult due to the presence of hetero-cyclic thiophenic species. During Phase I, the company developed a catalyst product and demonstrated its performance in terms of ultra-deep hydrodesulfurization activity, reducing sulfur levels from 200 ppm to much lower than 1 ppm in a variety of fuels. Phase II studies will allow optimization of the catalysts for hydrodesulfurization activity and mechanical properties. Catalysts with bi-functional activity toward aromatics hydrogenation and hydrodesulfurization will reduce several process steps, thereby reducing the costs involved in hydroprocessing of fuels. Phase II studies will enable development of a process for scalable production of nanowires. The fundamental insight from the performance can be extended toward designing various high performance catalysts using nanowire supports. Some beneficial effects using nanowire supports include unique active metal/support interactions; single crystal surfaces for uniform morphologies for active metals and their alloys and management of active sites. Specifically, in the case of hydrodesulfurization, nanowire supports provided an easier diffusion pathway for sulfur transfer to maintain active metal sites for desulfurization activity.

这项小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力是去除各种燃料（如柴油、汽油和被称为混合燃料的精炼燃料混合物）中的硫化物。将硫含量降低到10ppm以下是至关重要的，因为运输车辆的排放物会导致酸雨和相关的不良影响。从燃料中去除硫对于燃料电池技术的实施更为关键，因为燃料重整器催化剂在低至1ppm或更低的硫水平下会中毒。最后，在使用生物衍生和化石衍生燃料的增值化学生产中需要耐硫催化剂和除硫工艺。据估计，运输燃料领域加氢脱硫催化剂的全球市场规模超过10亿美元，且增长迅速。该公司提出的催化剂可以解决每年1.5 -2亿美元或更多的市场规模。它可能会在超低硫柴油、燃料转化技术和耐硫催化剂等商业市场上找到更多的应用。该项目开发的先进材料的可扩展制造方法将有助于提高美国的竞争力，并加强肯塔基州的清洁技术和能源部门。该项目致力于开发从碳氢燃料中脱除硫所需的高性能催化剂。然而，由于杂环噻吩的存在，在低于50 ppm的浓度下去除硫是困难的。在第一阶段，该公司开发了一种催化剂产品，并展示了其在超深度加氢脱硫活性方面的性能，可将多种燃料的硫含量从200 ppm降至远低于1 ppm。第二阶段的研究将优化催化剂的加氢脱硫活性和机械性能。具有芳烃加氢和加氢脱硫双功能活性的催化剂将减少几个工艺步骤，从而降低燃料加氢加工的成本。第二阶段的研究将有助于开发可扩展的纳米线生产工艺。从性能的基本见解可以扩展到设计各种高性能催化剂使用纳米线支撑。使用纳米线支架的一些有益效果包括独特的活性金属/支架相互作用；单晶表面的均匀形态的活性金属及其合金和管理的活性位点。具体来说，在加氢脱硫的情况下，纳米线支架为硫转移提供了更容易的扩散途径，以保持脱硫活性的活性金属位点。