SBIR Phase II: Real-Time Biosensor for Measuring Hazardous Chemical Contaminants in Ground Water

小型企业创新研究(SBIR)第二阶段项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力是提高识别、测绘和修复受氯化溶剂污染的水源的效率。氯化溶剂被大量用作溶剂和脱脂剂，并用于干洗业。由于氯化溶剂广泛存在于世界各地的水源中，其毒性和高度稳定性，监测水中氯化溶剂的必要性将持续许多代。对能够连续测量水中氯化有机化学品浓度并且能够准确和廉价地这样做的设备的需求是巨大的，并且还将不断增长。环境遥感领域持续的现场数据制作将大大提高需要测量这些化学品的所有进程的效率，对与修复受污染场地相关的成本和时间表产生重大影响。该传感器将允许在发生污染事件时对可能的污染源进行持续监控。此外，它还可以很容易地对含水层中的污染羽流进行分析。这项技术将取代目前基于实验室的测量方案，这些方案不适合于现场、在线或现场测量，并且不能连续产生数据。这项SBIR第二阶段项目建议开发一种光学酶生物传感器，用于连续、定量监测水中氯化溶剂的浓度。地下水的氯化溶剂污染是世界各地普遍存在的持续问题。生物传感概念将以光纤形式实施，其中光学生物传感器尖端连接到一个小型电光单元。分析物检测是在生物传感器尖端上进行的，传感器尖端涂有酶和荧光化学品。研究范围包括两种平行的策略，以获得高度稳定的检测酶以实现长寿命传感器，开发将所需试剂输送到传感尖端的系统，开发信号处理算法以实现在不同环境条件下的高精度测量和混合物中氯化合物的形态形成，为高通量制造传感器进行制造研究，以及在多个污染地点对设备进行现场测试。这些目标的实现将使传感技术发展成为一种用于氯化溶剂监测的坚固和易于制造的系统，具有低检测限、高精度和可靠性。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project is to increase the efficiency of identifying, mapping, and remediating water sources contaminated with chlorinated solvents. Chlorinated solvents are used in vast quantities as solvents and degreasing agents, and in the dry cleaning industry. The necessity of monitoring chlorinated solvents in water will continue for many generations due to their widespread occurrence in water sources around the world, their toxicity, and their high stability. A significant need exists and will grow for devices that can continuously measure the concentration of chlorinated organic chemicals in water, and that can do so accurately and inexpensively. Continuous in-situ data production in the field of environmental sensing will greatly increase efficiency in all processes that require a measurement of these chemicals, having a significant impact on the costs and timelines associated with remediation of contaminated sites. This sensor will allow for continuous monitoring of possible contamination sources in the case of a contamination event. Also, it will afford easy profiling of contamination plumes in aquifers. This technology will replace the current laboratory-based measurement protocols, which are not readily adapted for in-situ, on-line, or in-the-field measurements, and cannot produce data continuously.This SBIR Phase II project proposes to develop an optical enzymatic biosensor for continuous, quantitative monitoring of chlorinated solvent concentrations in water. Chlorinated solvent contamination of groundwater is a widespread ongoing issue around the world. The biosensing concept will be implemented in an optical fiber format, in which optical biosensor tips are linked to a small electro-optical unit. Analyte detection takes place on biosensor tips that are coated with enzymes and fluorescent chemicals. The scope of the research includes two parallel strategies for obtaining highly stable detection enzymes such that long lifetime sensors are achievable, development of a system to deliver required reagents to the sensing tip, development of signal processing algorithms to enable high accuracy measurements in variable environmental conditions and speciation of chlorinated compounds within mixtures, a manufacturing study for high throughput fabrication of the sensors, and field testing of the device at multiple contamination sites. Attainment of these objectives will advance the sensing technology to a robust and readily manufactured system for chlorinated solvent monitoring with low detection limits, high accuracy, and reliability.