Doctoral Dissertation Research: Parenting, Family Communication, and Children's Behavior

博士论文研究：育儿、家庭沟通和儿童行为

• 批准号: 1436259
• 负责人: Ross Matsueda
• 金额: $ 0.36万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1436259&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Parenting; Family

This project examines how family conditions reduce the effects of other risk factors associated with childhood delinquency, violence, and victimization. Recent research on families deals extensively with the effects of child agency on parent/child interactions. To date research in criminology has yet to incorporate these insights from developmental psychology into explanations of childhood delinquency, violence, and victimization. The funding for this project is used to assemble two separate data sets (the Denver Youth Survey and the National Survey of Adolescent Health) to examine whether and how the quality of child/parent interactions leads to resiliency for children in environments where delinquency, violence and victimization might otherwise occur. The project will contribute to a greater understanding of how parenting practices can produce positive child behavioral outcomes across a wide variety of circumstances.Our specific objectives are to (1) correctly specify a dynamic model of parent-child interactions, and use it to predict child outcomes; (2) to account for the contextual and conditioning effects of family, parent, and child characteristics on parent-child interactions and child outcomes; and (3) to extend our model to predict not only youth delinquency and violence, but also victimization, child problem-solving behavior,self-esteem, and participation in delinquent peer groups. We will estimate structural equation models and exponential random graph models across our two large longitudinal survey samples to test the generalizability of our theoretical model. Our samples contain a core of common measures of key concepts such as parenting, parent-child-interactions, family contexts, and child outcomes, as well as providing several unique advantages that allow for a complete examination of our theoretical model.This research project will make several contributions to the study of delinquency, violence, and family dynamics. First, we argue that child disclosure informs parental discipline, and models that identify discipline as controlled only by parents are miss-specified and biased. Criminological research has yet to include child agency in models of parenting and child outcomes. Second, our model accounts for contextual risk factors, such as parental crime and incarceration, early child aggression, and family violence. By examining these factors simultaneously, and exploring how they are interrelated, we can determine whether these risk factors are cumulative, dependent on presence of other risk factors such as poverty, or negatively interact with one another, all of which is presently unclear. The inclusion of these contextual variables will also allow us to test other criminological theories, such as differential social organization theory, with our parenting model. Third, testing our model across two large data sets allows for a more complete look at a variety of risk factors and extends our analyses to populations that are not only high risk for violence and victimization, or family stress, but are also underrepresented, both in terms of ethnic composition and socioeconomic outcomes in psychological studies that are at the forefront of research on child development, parenting, and problem behavior.

本项目研究家庭状况如何减少与儿童犯罪、暴力和受害有关的其他风险因素的影响。最近关于家庭的研究广泛涉及儿童中介对亲子互动的影响。到目前为止，犯罪学的研究还没有将发展心理学的这些见解纳入到对儿童犯罪、暴力和受害的解释中。该项目的资金用于汇编两个独立的数据集(丹佛青年调查和全国青少年健康调查)，以审查儿童/父母互动的质量是否以及如何导致儿童在可能发生犯罪、暴力和受害的环境中具有复原力。该项目将有助于更好地理解育儿实践如何在各种情况下产生积极的儿童行为结果。我们的具体目标是(1)正确地指定亲子互动的动态模型，并使用它来预测儿童结果；(2)考虑家庭、父母和儿童特征对亲子互动和儿童结果的背景和制约效应；以及(3)扩展我们的模型，不仅预测青少年犯罪和暴力，而且预测受害、儿童解决问题行为、自尊和参与犯罪同龄人群体。我们将通过两个大的纵向调查样本来估计结构方程模型和指数随机图模型，以测试我们理论模型的普适性。我们的样本包含了关键概念的核心通用测量，如父母教养、亲子互动、家庭背景和儿童结果，并提供了几个独特的优势，允许对我们的理论模型进行完整的检验。这项研究项目将对青少年犯罪、暴力和家庭动态的研究做出几项贡献。首先，我们认为，孩子的信息披露告知了父母的纪律，而将纪律认定为只由父母控制的模式是错误的和有偏见的。犯罪学研究尚未将儿童中介纳入父母养育和儿童结果的模型中。其次，我们的模型考虑了背景风险因素，如父母犯罪和监禁、儿童早期攻击性和家庭暴力。通过同时检查这些因素，并探索它们是如何相互关联的，我们可以确定这些风险因素是累积的、依赖于贫困等其他风险因素的存在，还是相互之间的负面影响，所有这些目前都不清楚。将这些背景变量包括在内，也将使我们能够用我们的育儿模式来检验其他犯罪学理论，例如差异社会组织理论。第三，在两个大型数据集上测试我们的模型，可以更完整地查看各种风险因素，并将我们的分析扩展到这些人群，这些人群不仅是暴力和受害或家庭压力的高风险人群，而且在种族构成和社会经济结果方面也没有得到充分代表，这些心理学研究处于儿童发展、育儿和问题行为研究的前沿。