EARS: Photonically-Enabled Extremely Wideband Compressive Wireless Spectrum Sensing

EARS：光子超宽带压缩无线频谱传感

• 批准号: 1443936
• 负责人: Mark Foster
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-11-01 至 2017-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1443936&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EARS; Photonically; Enabled; Extremely; Wideband

Abstract Title: EARS: Photonically-Enabled Extremely Wideband Compressive Wireless Spectrum SensingInstitution: Johns Hopkins UniversityAbstract:NontechnicalWith its multitude of uses in wireless communications and sensing, the radio spectrum is a highly regulated and finite resource. At present the radio spectrum is tightly and statically allocated and modern electronic systems are increasingly relying on high-bandwidth wireless communications for internet connectivity as well as inter-device communications. While the radio spectrum is tightly allocated, investigations indicate that the usage at any location and time is generally sparse with a limited number of active channels, scattered across an extremely broad spectral range. This observation indicates that a radio system that can efficiently and rapidly sense spectral usage could adapt to exploit these temporary spectral opportunities and thus make more efficient use of the finite radio spectrum resource. The key technology for such a system is wideband spectrum sensing and this technology must be implemented rapidly with minimal hardware resources. This program will develop an extremely wideband, compact, and robust spectrum sensing system for the microwave through millimeter-wave frequency bands to facilitate efficient high-bandwidth communications and high-resolution sensing in future mobile electronic systems. This program will also provide research opportunities for undergraduate and high-school students as well as develop educational tools, for example interactive on-line teaching applications, and facilitate outreach activities, for example through the Johns Hopkins University Women in Science and Engineering (WISE) and STEM Achievement in Baltimore Elementary Schools (SABES) programs, that target underrepresented groups in the STEM fields.TechnicalRecently, the framework of compressive sensing (CS) emerged as a promising method to efficiently capture signals that are sparse in some domain with significantly fewer measurements than would be traditionally necessary permitting faster, simpler, and/or lower power sensing. The wideband spectrum is inherently sparse due to its spectrum under-utilization at any given spatiotemporal location. Hence, CS emerges as a promising candidate to realize effective low-cost wideband spectrum sensing. The extremely wideband spectrum sensing necessary for cognitive radios in the microwave and mm-wave will necessitate photonic solutions, since the instantaneous bandwidths (potentially 300 GHz) are simply too large and spectral opportunities too short lived for traditional electronic sampling hardware. This research program will demonstrate a new approach for compressive photonic sampling that addresses these shortcomings by performing much of the signal processing in the photonic domain. More specifically, this program will develop an extremely wideband chip-scale spectrum sensing architecture by combining the benefits of high-speed integrated photonics with recently developed photonic-domain compressive sensing. Through the union of these technological advancements with algorithmic advancements tailored to the unique capabilities of this hardware, an extremely wideband spectrum sensing system will be proven to facilitate cognitive radio systems in the microwave and mm-wave ranges of the wireless spectrum. This architecture allows for extremely rapid collection of compressive sensing measurements and compressive sensing theory and algorithms will be developed to take advantage of this unique capability. Such a system is greatly needed to address the high information capacity and efficient spectral usage expected by future wireless electronic devices.

摘要标题：耳朵：光子使能的极宽带压缩无线频谱传感机构：约翰霍普金斯大学摘要：非技术与其在无线通信和传感的众多用途，无线电频谱是一个高度管制和有限的资源。目前，无线电频谱是紧密和静态分配的，现代电子系统越来越依赖于高带宽无线通信来实现互联网连接以及设备间通信。虽然无线电频谱分配紧密，但调查表明，在任何位置和时间的使用通常都是稀疏的，只有有限数量的活动信道，分散在极其广泛的频谱范围内。这一观察结果表明，可以有效和快速地感测频谱使用的无线电系统可以适应于利用这些临时频谱机会，从而更有效地利用有限的无线电频谱资源。这种系统的关键技术是宽带频谱感知，该技术必须以最少的硬件资源快速实现。该计划将开发一种极其宽带，紧凑和强大的频谱传感系统，用于微波到毫米波频段，以促进未来移动的电子系统中的高效高带宽通信和高分辨率传感。该计划还将为本科生和高中生提供研究机会，并开发教育工具，例如互动式在线教学应用程序，并促进推广活动，例如通过约翰霍普金斯大学科学与工程女性（WISE）和巴尔的摩小学STEM成就（SABES）计划，目标是STEM领域代表性不足的群体。压缩感测（CS）的框架作为一种有希望的方法出现，以有效地捕获在某些域中稀疏的信号，其具有比传统上所需的测量少得多的测量，从而允许更快、更简单和/或更低功率的感测。宽带频谱由于其在任何给定时空位置处的频谱利用率不足而固有地稀疏。因此，CS成为实现有效的低成本宽带频谱感知的有希望的候选者。微波和毫米波中认知无线电所需的极宽带频谱感测将需要光子解决方案，因为瞬时带宽（可能为300 GHz）对于传统的电子采样硬件来说太大，频谱机会太短。这项研究计划将展示一种新的压缩光子采样方法，通过在光子域中执行大部分信号处理来解决这些缺点。更具体地说，该计划将通过将高速集成光子学的优势与最近开发的光子域压缩传感相结合，开发一种极宽带芯片级频谱传感架构。通过将这些技术进步与针对该硬件的独特功能量身定制的算法进步相结合，极宽带频谱感测系统将被证明可以促进无线频谱的微波和毫米波范围内的认知无线电系统。这种架构允许非常快速地收集压缩感测测量结果，并且将开发压缩感测理论和算法以利用这种独特的能力。非常需要这样的系统来解决未来无线电子设备所期望的高信息容量和高效频谱使用。