Measuring Air-Sea Gas Exchange in High Winds for Improvement of Physics-Based Air-Sea Transfer Parameterizations

高风速下海气相互作用的参数化一直是海气交换研究的一个重要课题。为了预测气候情景，需要能够预测二氧化碳等具有辐射重要性的气体的海-气交换。美国国家科学基金会之前的一个奖项(AGS-1036062；1036006合作研究：测量大风中的海-气交换以改进基于物理的海-气传输参数：HIWinGS)资助了一个为期4年的项目，以开发和改进气体交换测量。HiWinGS的拉布拉多海巡航于2013年10月至11月成功完成，产生了700多个小时的协调通量和波浪物理观测，包括在15-27米/S风速下的100多个小时。这是一个独特的数据集。这里开展的分析工作的具体目标是：1)分析观测到的热量、动量、微量气体DMS和二氧化碳的输送系数与风速、应力、气泡羽流特征和海况的关系；2)进一步发展现有大宗通量算法中高风速下气体输送的改进物理表示；以及3)对从HiWinGS巡航获得的各种二氧化碳通量数据集进行关键评估。

The parameterization of air-sea interaction at high wind speeds continues as a topic of great interest to air-sea exchange. Being able to predict air-sea gas exchange of radiatively important gases such as carbon dioxide is needed to project climate scenarios. A previous NSF award (AGS- 1036062; 1036006 Collaborative Research: Measuring Air-Sea Gas Exchange in High Winds for Improvement of Physics-Based Air-Sea Transfer Parameterizations: HiWinGS) funded a 4-year project to develop and improve gas exchange measurements. A HiWinGS cruise to the Labrador Sea was successfully completed in Oct-Nov 2013, yielding more than 700 hours of coordinated flux and wave physics observations, including more than 100 hours at wind speeds of 15-27 m/s. This is a unique data set. Specific goals of the analysis work undertaken here are to:1) present an analysis of the observed transfer coefficients for heat, momentum, the trace gases DMS and CO2 with respect to wind speed, stress, bubble plume characteristics and sea state; 2) further develop the refined physical representations for gas transfer at high wind speeds in available bulk flux algorithms; and 3) engage in a critical assessment of the various CO2 flux data sets obtained from the HiWinGS cruise.