Measuring Air-Sea Gas Exchange in High Winds for Improvement of Physics-Based Air-Sea Transfer Parameterizations

高风速下海气相互作用的参数化一直是海气交换研究的重要课题。能够预测辐射重要气体（如二氧化碳）的海气交换是预测气候情景所必需的。此前，美国国家科学基金会（NSF）授予了一项合作研究（AGS- 1036062; 1036006）：在大风中测量海气交换以改进基于物理的海气传输参数化：HiWinGS)，该项目资助了一项为期4年的项目，以开发和改进气体交换测量。2013年10月至11月，HiWinGS成功完成了对拉布拉多海的巡航，进行了700多个小时的通量和波浪物理观测，其中包括100多个小时风速为15-27米/秒的观测。这是一个独特的数据集。分析工作的具体目标是：1)分析观测到的热量、动量、微量气体DMS和CO2的传递系数与风速、应力、气泡羽流特征和海况的关系；2)在现有的整体通量算法中进一步发展高风速下气体传输的精细物理表示；3)对从HiWinGS巡航中获得的各种二氧化碳通量数据集进行关键评估。

The parameterization of air-sea interaction at high wind speeds continues as a topic of great interest to air-sea exchange. Being able to predict air-sea gas exchange of radiatively important gases such as carbon dioxide is needed to project climate scenarios. A previous NSF award (AGS- 1036062; 1036006 Collaborative Research: Measuring Air-Sea Gas Exchange in High Winds for Improvement of Physics-Based Air-Sea Transfer Parameterizations: HiWinGS) funded a 4-year project to develop and improve gas exchange measurements. A HiWinGS cruise to the Labrador Sea was successfully completed in Oct-Nov 2013, yielding more than 700 hours of coordinated flux and wave physics observations, including more than 100 hours at wind speeds of 15-27 m/s. This is a unique data set. Specific goals of the analysis work undertaken here are to:1) present an analysis of the observed transfer coefficients for heat, momentum, the trace gases DMS and CO2 with respect to wind speed, stress, bubble plume characteristics and sea state; 2) further develop the refined physical representations for gas transfer at high wind speeds in available bulk flux algorithms; and 3) engage in a critical assessment of the various CO2 flux data sets obtained from the HiWinGS cruise.