CPS: Breakthrough: Improving Metropolitan-Scale Transportation Systems with Data-Driven Cyber-Control

CPS：突破：通过数据驱动的网络控制改善大都市规模的交通系统

• 批准号: 1446640
• 负责人: Tian He
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1446640&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Breakthrough; Improving; Metropolitan; Scale

Traditionally, the design of urban transit services has been based on limited sampling data collected through surveys and censuses, which are often dated and incomplete. Lacking massive online feeds from multiple transit modes makes it hard to achieve real-time equilibrium in demand and supply relationship through cyber-control, which eventually manifests into multiple urban transportation issues: (i) lengthy last-mile transit due to non-supply, (ii) prolonged waiting due to undersupply, and (iii) excessive idle mileage due to oversupply. This project addresses these issues by focusing on two types of transportation systems in metropolitan areas: (i) public bike rental sharing systems and (ii) fleet-oriented ride sharing systems. The public bike rental sharing systems are used to allow commuters to rent bikes near public transit stations for the last mile of their trips. The fleet-oriented ride sharing systems schedule a fleet of participating vehicles for ride sharing among passengers in which shared ridership reduces individual fare paid by passengers, increases the profit of taxi drivers, and can improve the availability of service.The theory and practice of transportation sharing systems have typically focused on isolated individual transportation modes. The project will collect massive multi-modal online feeds from metropolitan information infrastructure to model dynamic behaviors of transportation systems, and then utilize massive micro-level trip information to apply fine-grained real-time control to handle rapid changes in dynamic metropolitan environments. General principles and design methodologies will be designed to build multi-modal, integrated urban transportation systems. These research discoveries will be applied toward commercial applications. Long-term deployment problem of bike stations will be addressed, especially in the low-income districts, to provide suggestions on the station deployment and assessment for specific deployment plans. The project also solves the short-term bike maintenance issue to balance the usage of shared bikes to prevent quick deterioration of rental bikes, and improve availability of bike rental services in real time. This project will also study fleet-oriented ride sharing systems that decide fares based on real-time supply/demand ratio to handle dynamic metropolitan scenarios.This project will support two Ph.D. students who will receive innovation and technology translation training through close interactions with municipal governments and small-business companies. Such partnerships expedite the adoption of cutting-edge technology, evaluate research solutions in operational environments, and obtain user feedback to trigger further innovations. The project will improve the efficiency of existing transportation systems under sharing economy and ultimately the work would noticeably improve the quality of every-day life in metropolitan areas across the United States.

传统上，城市交通服务的设计是基于通过调查和人口普查收集的有限抽样数据，这些数据往往是过时的和不完整的。由于缺乏多种交通方式的海量在线反馈，难以通过网络控制实现实时的供需平衡，最终体现为城市交通的多重问题：(1)无供应导致的最后一英里运输时间过长，(2)供应不足导致的等待时间过长，(3)供应过剩导致的闲置里程过长。本项目通过关注都市地区的两种交通系统来解决这些问题：(i)公共自行车租赁共享系统和（ii）以车队为导向的乘车共享系统。公共自行车租赁共享系统允许通勤者在公共交通站点附近租用自行车，以完成行程的最后一英里。以车队为导向的拼车系统安排一个参与的车队，在乘客之间进行拼车，拼车减少了乘客的个人费用，增加了出租车司机的利润，提高了服务的可用性。交通共享系统的理论和实践通常集中在孤立的个体交通方式上。该项目将从城市信息基础设施中收集大量的多模式在线信息，对交通系统的动态行为进行建模，然后利用大量的微观出行信息进行细粒度实时控制，以应对动态城市环境的快速变化。将设计一般原则和设计方法，以建立多式联运、综合城市交通系统。这些研究发现将用于商业应用。解决自行车站的长期部署问题，特别是低收入地区的自行车站部署问题，为具体的部署方案提供建议和评估。该项目还解决了自行车的短期保养问题，平衡共享单车的使用，防止租赁单车的快速劣化，提高自行车租赁服务的实时可用性。该项目还将研究以车队为导向的乘车共享系统，该系统根据实时供需比决定票价，以应对动态的大都市场景。该项目将支持两名博士生，通过与市政府和小企业的密切互动，接受创新和技术翻译培训。这种合作伙伴关系加快了尖端技术的采用，评估了操作环境中的研究解决方案，并获得了用户反馈，从而引发了进一步的创新。该项目将提高共享经济下现有交通系统的效率，最终将显著改善美国大都市地区的日常生活质量。