Improving the Effectiveness of Organizational Knowledge Transfer Through Social Media Use

一个组织帮助员工相互分享知识的能力直接关系到它的创新能力、成长能力和留住顶尖人才的能力。然而，知识共享对于许多大型组织来说仍然是一个问题。有时，知识共享出现问题是因为知识本身是粘性的;它需要深入的上下文理解来解码和应用。其他时候，知识很难转移，因为个人没有正确的关系强度（强或弱），需要转移的知识类型（隐性或显性），这样个人就不愿意花时间和努力教同事他们不知道的东西。在其他情况下，问题要简单得多：组织内部的人不知道组织中其他人知道什么，因此无法寻求或与他们分享。本研究的目标是了解新的企业社交媒体如何帮助改善知识共享的至少两个重要方面：帮助人们找到他们需要的知识，帮助他们建立正确的关系，以转移某些知识。随着组织花费金钱和时间来实施这些新技术，试图提高工人的生产力，这似乎是及时和重要的，不仅要了解这些工具是否可以克服与有效的知识共享相关的长期问题，而且要阐明这些技术影响知识共享实践的机制。简而言之，这项研究揭示了当曾经是私人的组织通信变得公开时会发生什么，以及这种通信可见性对整个组织可能产生的后果。这项研究对教育，劳动和商业政策具有很高的影响力，因为它考虑了重组和重塑组织的通信环境的战略，这些组织正变得越来越分散。

An organization's ability to help employees share knowledge with one another is directly related to its innovativeness, its ability to grow, and its ability to retain top talent. However, knowledge sharing remains a problem for many large organizations. Sometimes, problems of knowledge sharing occur because the knowledge itself is sticky; it requires deep contextual understanding to decode and apply. Other times, knowledge is difficult to transfer because individuals do not have the correct intensity of relationships (strong or weak) for the type of knowledge that needs to be transferred (tacit or explicit) such that individuals are unwilling to take the time and make the effort to teach a colleague something they do not know. In other cases, the problem is much simpler: People within the organization don't know what other people in the organization know and are therefore unable to seek or share with them.The goal of this study is to understand how new enterprise social media can help to improve at least two important aspects of knowledge sharing: Helping people find the knowledge they need and helping them to build the correct kinds of relationships necessary to transfer certain kinds of knowledge. As organizations spend money and time on the implementation of these new technologies in an attempt to increase worker productivity, it seems timely and important to understand not only if such tools can overcome perennial problems associated with effective knowledge sharing, but also to elucidate the mechanisms by which such technologies affect knowledge sharing practices. In short, this research stands to unveil what happens when organizational communications that were once private become public and the consequences that this communication visibility can have for the organization as a whole. This research has high-impact potential for education, labor, and business policies as it considers strategies for retooling and reshaping the communication environments of organizations that are becoming increasingly distributed.