An Investigation of Mutual Interactions between the Practice of Chinese Medicine and Biomedicine

本论文的研究项目追溯了世纪的两个第一批英语针灸地图集的生产。这些地图集突出了规范中医以反映西医的工作，从而使其实践合法化，同时绘制出不在循证西医常规范围内的无形经络。除了从事档案研究外，该项目还将对英国、美国和中国从事针灸地图集制作和流通的个人进行有限数量的采访。除了在学术期刊上发表这项研究的结果外，该项目的视觉和文本部分将作为纪录片制作的材料，以超越学术界的范围，并参与更广泛的医疗保健问题。作者在数字媒体方面拥有丰富的经验，这将有助于利用这项研究的结果制作短片，为更广泛的观众提供全球性的，非西方的，以人为本的医学视角。本项目的目标是展示两种看似不同的医疗实践，中医和生物医学，是如何纠缠在一起的。该项目将提供两个文本，天体柳叶刀（1980年）和针灸（1981年）的生产的比较分析。在这两个案例研究中收集和复制的身体地图将作为检查医学理论和医学实践的网站。需要解决的研究问题如下。医学实践是如何被表述为科学的？身体的插图定义和模糊了什么？该项目采用跨国视角和多学科方法。它建立在身体历史，科学中的可视化和再现以及后殖民科学和技术的研究之上。这不仅仅是一个关于地图制作的项目，而是关于历史参与者的私人生活如何与标准化的身体叙事纠缠在一起，位于全球实验和实践的历史中。

General Audience Summary This dissertation research project traces the production of two of the first English-language acupuncture atlases in the 20th century. These atlases highlight the work of standardizing Traditional Chinese Medicine to mirror western medicine, and thus legitimate its practice, while simultaneously mapping invisible meridians that fall outside the regular purview of evidence-based Western medicine. In addition to engaging in archival research, the project will also involve conducting a limited number of interviews with individuals affiliated with the production and circulation of acupuncture atlases in the United Kingdom, the United States, and China. Besides publishing the results of this research in scholarly journals, the visual and textual components of this project will serve as material in documentary filmmaking to reach beyond the confines of academia and engage with broader concerns in health care. The author has extensive experience in digital media that will facilitate using the results of this research to make short films that will contribute a global, non-western, human-centered perspective of medicine to a broader audience. Technical Summary The goal of this project is to demonstrate how two seemingly disparate medical practices, Chinese medicine and biomedicine, became entangled. The project will provide a comparative analysis of the production of two texts, Celestial Lancets (1980), and Acupuncture (1981). The body maps collected and reproduced in these two case studies will serve as sites for examining medical theory and medical practice. Among the research questions to be addressed are the following. How were medical practices articulated as science? What did illustrations of the body define and obscure? The project adopts a transnational perspective and a multidisciplinary approach. It builds on and departs from studies in the history of the body, visualization and representation in science, and post-colonial science and technology. This is not just a project about the making of maps, but about how the private lives of historical actors entangled with standardizing a narrative of the body was situated within a global history of experimentation and practice.