CAREER: An online global monograph of Magnaporthales - evolution, taxonomy, biogeography and biology of the rice blast fungus and allies

职业生涯： Magnaporthales 的在线全球专着 - 稻瘟病真菌及其盟友的进化、分类学、生物地理学和生物学

• 批准号: 1452971
• 负责人: Ning Zhang
• 金额: $ 59.3万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1452971&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; online; global; monograph; Magnaporthales

Magnaporthales, an order of fungi with over 200 species, contains important pathogens of cereals and grasses, including the rice blast fungus. The rice blast fungus is the most destructive disease of rice, which is a staple food source for about half of the world's human population. Despite their scientific and economic importance, Magnaporthales fungi have not been studied comprehensively, and the diversity, taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of Magnaporthales species remain unsettled. There is no consensus on which scientific name to use for these important pathogens, and this impedes communication among scientists, animal and plant health inspection services, and other user communities around the world. Recent major changes in the international naming system for fungi have added to the confusion of names and distributions for these fungi. This project will generate molecular data and evolutionary analyses for the understudied species that will be presented in a comprehensive monograph on the Magnaporthales, which will available online to researchers and the broader user communities worldwide at no cost. This research will facilitate future work on Magnaporthales systematics, genetics, biodiversity, plant protection and quarantine feasibility.The major objectives of this project are: 1) to sample from the understudied grassland ecosystems, and to discover, diagnose and describe new taxa in Magnaporthales using both traditional culture-based and next-generation metagenomic sequencing methods; 2) to build a robust phylogenomic tree for all Magnaporthales taxa; 3) to use the phylogeny in improving our understanding of the evolution of pathogenicity and other traits of Magnaporthales fungi; 4) to produce a global monograph of Magnaporthales; and 5) to train students and postdocs to conduct research across the entire spectrum of these activities. The project includes studies of phylogenomics, evolution, taxonomy, biodiversity, organismal biology and metagenomics. The global monograph of Magnaporthales will include: traditional morphological descriptions, diagnostic illustrations, distribution maps, host-range information, interactive identification keys to genera and species, as well as DNA barcodes. Genomic sequences for the representative taxa also will be linked to the cyber-enabled monograph. The PI will engage high school, undergraduate and graduate students, and a postdoctoral fellow, with a focus on teaching and training of underrepresented minorities.

稻瘟菌目是真菌的一个目，有200多个种，是禾谷类和禾本科重要的病原菌，其中包括稻瘟菌。 稻瘟病是水稻最具破坏性的疾病，而水稻是世界上大约一半人口的主食来源。尽管其科学和经济的重要性，Magnaporthales真菌尚未得到全面的研究，和Magnaporthales物种的多样性，分类和进化关系仍然没有解决。 对于这些重要病原体的科学名称没有达成共识，这阻碍了科学家、动植物卫生检查机构和世界各地其他用户群体之间的沟通。 最近国际真菌命名系统的重大变化增加了这些真菌的名称和分布的混乱。该项目将为研究不足的物种提供分子数据和进化分析，并将在一本关于Magnaporthales的综合专著中介绍，该专著将免费在线提供给全世界的研究人员和更广泛的用户社区。本项目的主要目标是：1）利用传统的培养方法和新一代的宏基因组测序方法，从研究较少的草地生态系统中采集样本，发现、诊断和描述稻瘟病菌目的新分类群;（2）建立一个完整的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）所有分类群的基因组进化树，（3）利用该基因组进化树提高我们对稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌致病性和其他性状进化的认识，（4）编写一本全球性的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）专著，（5）建立一个新的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌的基因组进化树，（6）建立一个新的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌的基因组进化树，（7）建立一个新的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌的基因组进化树，（8）建立一个新的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌的基因组进化树，（9）建立一个新的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌的基因组进化树，（10）建立一个新的稻瘟病菌目（Magnaporthales）真菌的基因组进化树，（10）建立一个新的稻以及5）培训学生和博士后在这些活动的整个范围内进行研究。该项目包括生物基因组学、进化、分类学、生物多样性、有机体生物学和宏基因组学的研究。Magnaporthales的全球专著将包括：传统的形态描述，诊断插图，分布图，宿主范围信息，属和种的交互式识别键，以及DNA条形码。代表性分类群的基因组序列也将与网络化专著相链接。PI将吸引高中，本科和研究生以及博士后研究员，重点是教育和培训代表性不足的少数民族。