Collaborative Research: Phylogenomics of Cypridinidae (Ostracoda): Evolutionary origins of bioluminescence and complex behavioral displays

合作研究：鲤科（介形类）的系统基因组学：生物发光和复杂行为表现的进化起源

• 批准号: 1457754
• 负责人: Todd Oakley
• 金额: $ 37万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1457754&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Phylogenomics; Cypridinidae; Ostracoda

How complex traits and behaviors originate and diversify during evolution is a major question in biology. Bioluminescence, the production of light by living organisms, occurs in many different animal taxa. Marine ostracods, tiny shrimp-like crustaceans, use light for both avoiding predators and for behavioral displays. Over 64 bioluminescent flashing patterns have been observed throughout the Caribbean but only one third of the species have been collected and described scientifically. The proposed research will bring together a group of collaborators from institutions in Wisconsin and California to investigate the diversity of bioluminescent ostracods in the Caribbean and address how bioluminescence and complex behavioral displays have evolved within the group. Research will involve students and faculty at multiple stages in their careers, archivists of digital and morphological materials, and members of the science education media. The timing of this research is especially crucial as the assembled team of researchers includes two emeritus experts on bioluminescent ostracods who will participate in field collections and taxonomy workshops. The products of this research will include a diverse group of newly trained undergraduate and graduate students, a large comprehensive data set of newly described species that will be shared publically through museum and online curation, advancement in the bioinformatic analysis of transcriptome DNA and behavioral traits, and a better understanding of the link between genetics and complex trait evolution. This collaborative project by researchers at the University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, California State University - Los Angeles, and University of California - Santa Barbara will use a diverse set of complimentary techniques to investigate phylogenetic relationships within Cypridinidae and the evolution of bioluminescence and complex behavioral displays. Specific aims are: 1) to reconstruct a new data rich phylogeny of Cypridinidae based on transcriptome datasets from 71 different species, 2) calculate divergence times and diversification rates within the group, 3) test for correlation between bioluminescent behavioral displays and diversification rates, and 4) investigate the molecular evolution of luciferase, the protein that catalyzes the light reaction. Understanding the biochemical origins and properties of luminescent chemicals is important because cypridinid luciferases are widely used as reporter genes in molecular biology and medicine.

复杂的特征和行为在进化过程中如何起源和多样化是生物学中的一个主要问题。生物发光，即生物体产生的光，发生在许多不同的动物类群中。海洋介形类是一种像虾一样的甲壳类动物，它们利用光来躲避捕食者和进行行为展示。在整个加勒比海地区已观察到超过 64 种生物发光闪烁模式，但只有三分之一的物种被收集并进行了科学描述。拟议的研究将汇集来自威斯康星州和加利福尼亚州机构的一组合作者，调查加勒比地区生物发光介形类的多样性，并解决生物发光和复杂行为表现在该群体内如何进化的问题。研究将涉及职业生涯多个阶段的学生和教师、数字和形态材料的档案管理员以及科学教育媒体的成员。这项研究的时机尤为重要，因为研究人员组成的团队包括两名生物发光介形类荣誉退休专家，他们将参加实地收集和分类学研讨会。这项研究的成果将包括一批新培训的本科生和研究生、一个新描述的物种的大型综合数据集（将通过博物馆和在线管理公开共享）、转录组 DNA 和行为特征的生物信息学分析的进展，以及对遗传学和复杂性状进化之间联系的更好理解。这个合作项目由威斯康星大学拉克罗斯分校、加州州立大学洛杉矶分校和加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的研究人员合作，将使用多种互补技术来研究鲤科动物的系统发育关系以及生物发光和复杂行为表现的进化。 具体目标是：1）基于71个不同物种的转录组数据集重建数据丰富的鲤科系统发育学，2）计算群体内的分化时间和多样化率，3）测试生物发光行为显示和多样化率之间的相关性，4）研究荧光素酶（催化光反应的蛋白质）的分子进化。了解发光化学物质的生化起源和特性非常重要，因为 Cypridinid 荧光素酶在分子生物学和医学中广泛用作报告基因。