PFI:AIR - TT: Low Cost High Resolution 3D Scanning Technologies for 3D Printing

PFI:AIR - TT：用于 3D 打印的低成本高分辨率 3D 扫描技术

• 批准号: 1500249
• 负责人: Gabriel Taubin
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1500249&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PFI; AIR; TT; Low; Cost

This PFI:AIR Technology Translation project will leverage technologies developed under prior NSF projects to create advanced low-cost 3D scanners targeted at the flourishing consumer 3D printer market. Many low-cost desktop 3D printers are commercially available, but only a handful of low-cost desktop 3D scanners have been introduced in this market. Unfortunately, all these 3D scanners produce low quality 3D models as a result of intrinsic limitations of their technologies. Although the quality of existing low-cost 3D commercial (or home made) scanners is sufficient for hobbyists to replicate small objects using the current generation of personal 3D printers, the resolution of the low-cost desktop 3D scanners is not adequate for applications in art, entertainment, industrial inspection, reverse engineering, medicine, forensics, and in many other more advanced applications. Industrial 3D scanners, capable of producing high resolution 3D models, are available in the market, however they are at a price point one or two orders of magnitude higher, which makes them unsuitable for the high volume consumer 3D printer market, or even for some of the more advanced applications listed above. The 3D scanners to be developed in this project will be competitive in cost with existing low-cost desktop products, but able to produce 3D models of much higher quality, resulting in significant improvements over the state-of-the-art, with resulting competitive advantages.The project will integrate proprietary technologies within a well designed user-friendly system, which will remove the most tedious steps through smart automation and advanced algorithm design: projector-camera calibration technology will enable the creation of a simple user-friendly semi-automatic calibration process, critical for high quality reconstruction; unsynchronized structured lighting technology will enable the project to leverage low cost hardware components manufactured in high volumes for the mobile market, and also to simplify the circuitry quite significantly; multi-frequency phase shifting technology will enable 3D scanning of objects made of optically challenging materials, such as polished metal and other anisotropic and translucent materials; smooth signed distance and non-convex hull surface reconstruction technologies will result in high fidelity multi-resolution polygon meshes. The project will also develop other unique image and geometry processing technologies to register multiple scans, to cleanup the reconstructed models, and to prepare the models for 3D printing.In partnership with the Brown Program in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship (PRIME), the project will analyze the market opportunities in a number of additional application domains, and will develop a broader marketing and commercialization strategy. A team of PRIME students will work to acquire an enhanced understanding of the identified market space, the market need, the competitive technologies; the potential impact of the proposed competitive innovation; necessary intellectual property protection, and licensing opportunities and freedom to operate issues. The students participating in this effort will acquire an enhanced understanding of innovation, technology commercialization and entrepreneurship through these experiences.

这个PFI：AIR技术翻译项目将利用之前NSF项目开发的技术，针对蓬勃发展的消费级3D打印机市场开发先进的低成本3D扫描仪。 许多低成本的桌面3D打印机都是商用的，但只有少数低成本的桌面3D扫描仪被引入这个市场。不幸的是，由于其技术的内在限制，所有这些3D扫描仪都产生低质量的3D模型。虽然现有的低成本3D商业（或自制）扫描仪的质量足以让业余爱好者使用当前一代的个人3D打印机复制小物体，但低成本桌面3D扫描仪的分辨率不足以应用于艺术，娱乐，工业检测，逆向工程，医学，法医学和许多其他更先进的应用。市场上有能够生产高分辨率3D模型的工业3D扫描仪，但它们的价格要高出一个或两个数量级，这使得它们不适合大批量消费3D打印机市场，甚至不适合上面列出的一些更先进的应用。该项目将开发的3D扫描仪在成本上与现有的低成本桌面产品具有竞争力，但能够产生更高质量的3D模型，从而大大改善了最先进的技术，从而具有竞争优势。该项目将在一个精心设计的用户友好系统中集成专有技术，这将通过智能自动化和先进的算法设计消除最繁琐的步骤：投影仪相机校准技术将能够创建一个简单的用户友好的半自动校准过程，这对高质量重建至关重要;非同步结构化照明技术将使该项目能够利用为移动的市场大批量生产的低成本硬件组件，并大大简化电路;多频相移技术将能够对由光学挑战性材料制成的物体进行3D扫描，如抛光金属和其他各向异性和半透明材料;平滑符号距离和非凸船体表面重建技术将产生高保真多分辨率多边形网格。该项目还将开发其他独特的图像和几何处理技术，以记录多次扫描，清理重建模型，并为3D打印准备模型。该项目将与布朗创新管理和创业计划（PRIME）合作，分析一些其他应用领域的市场机会，并将制定更广泛的营销和商业化战略。 一个PRIME学生团队将致力于加深对已确定的市场空间，市场需求，竞争技术的理解;拟议的竞争性创新的潜在影响;必要的知识产权保护，许可机会和自由经营问题。 参与这项工作的学生将通过这些经验加深对创新，技术商业化和创业精神的理解。