GEM Systems Science: Creating and Analyzing an Earth Index Collection

GEM Systems Science：创建和分析地球索引集合

• 批准号: 1502947
• 负责人: Joseph Borovsky
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-15 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502947&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GEM; Systems; Science; Creating; Analyzing

The Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) Program is a broad-based, community-initiated research program on the physics of the Earth's magnetosphere and the coupling of the magnetosphere to the atmosphere and to the solar wind. The work of GEM is accomplished in a series of campaigns and focus groups that solve specific problems leading to the construction of a global Geospace General Circulation Model (GGCM) with predictive capability. This project will contribute essential results to this goal pertaining to understanding the global reaction of the Earth's magnetosphere-ionosphere system to the solar wind and how the solar wind couples to the magnetosphere. The reaction of the magnetosphere to driving as well as the driving by the solar wind are more complex than commonly thought and than current models can capture or explain. This Investigation will perform a comprehensive statistical analysis to explore those complexities. The data sets created and the findings of the analysis will be disseminated via a new "Earth Index Collection" webpage to be created. Tutorials, examples, and research suggestions will also be made available via the webpage.This Investigation will take a systems-science approach, analyzing the reaction of the multiply measured magnetosphere to the full solar-wind data set. It will collect and create a large number of time-dependent indices, each one being a different measure of the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. The "indices" will be measures of the currents, plasmas, energetic particles, waves, morphology, and energy flow in the system. The collection of time-dependent indices will be put together to form a time-dependent "Earth Index Collection" of measurements. Canonical correlation analysis will be used to identify and explore correlation patterns between the multivariable Earth index collection and the multivariable solar-wind data set. For the primary mode of reaction of the Earth index collection to the solar wind, a time-dependent "collective index" will be identified and defined and the universal coupling function that drives that primary mode will be defined. Secondary global modes of the reaction of the Earth to the solar wind will be identified, cataloged, and investigated and the properties of the solar wind (the secondary coupling functions) that drive the secondary modes will be identified. Attempts will be made to connect the secondary coupling functions with physical mechanisms such as the viscous interaction, changes in the location of the dayside reconnection line, and changes in the morphology of the magnetosphere. By analysis of the secondary modes of reaction, the "sectors" of the Earth index collection will be identified and the indices that comprise each sector will be cataloged. Exploring suppression and confounding in the multivariable solar-wind data set as its variables correlate with the Earth measurements, causal correlations versus non-causal correlations will be identified. Finally, traditional data-analysis methods will be used to elucidate the sectors and the global modes of reaction of the magnetosphere to the solar wind.

地球空间环境建模方案是一个基础广泛的社区发起的研究方案，研究地球磁层物理学以及磁层与大气层和太阳风的耦合。 全球地球观测系统的工作是通过一系列活动和重点小组来完成的，这些活动和小组解决了导致建立具有预测能力的全球地球空间大气环流模型的具体问题。该项目将为实现这一目标提供重要成果，有助于了解地球磁层-电离层系统对太阳风的全球反应以及太阳风如何与磁层耦合。 磁层对驱动的反应以及太阳风的驱动比通常认为的要复杂得多，也比目前的模型所能捕捉或解释的要复杂得多。本调查将进行全面的统计分析，以探讨这些复杂性。 所创建的数据集和分析结果将通过即将创建的新的“地球指数集”网页传播。本研究将采用系统科学的方法，分析多次测量的磁层对完整的太阳风数据集的反应。它将收集和创建大量与时间有关的指数，每一个指数都是磁层-电离层系统的不同量度。“指数”将是系统中电流、等离子体、高能粒子、波、形态和能量流的量度。收集的随时间变化的指数将汇集在一起，形成一个随时间变化的测量“地球指数集”。典型相关分析将用于确定和探索多变量地球指数收集与多变量太阳风数据集之间的相关模式。对于地球指数收集对太阳风的主要反应模式，将确定和界定一个与时间有关的“集体指数”，并界定驱动这一主要模式的普遍耦合函数。地球对太阳风反应的次级全球模式将被确定、编目和研究，驱动次级模式的太阳风特性（次级耦合函数）将被确定。尝试将二次耦合功能与物理机制，如粘性相互作用，在向阳面重联线的位置变化，和磁层的形态变化。通过对次级反应模式的分析，将确定地球指数集合的“部门”，并将对构成每个部门的指数进行编目。探索抑制和混淆的多变量太阳风数据集，因为它的变量与地球的测量，因果关系与非因果关系的相关性将被确定。最后，将使用传统的数据分析方法来阐明磁层对太阳风的反应的扇区和全球模式。