GEM: Developing a Highly Predictable Canonical Geomagnetic Index to Gauge Space Weather

GEM：开发高度可预测的规范地磁指数来测量太空天气

基本信息

批准号：
2027569
负责人：
Joseph Borovsky
金额：
$ 35.97万
依托单位：
SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-10-15 至 2024-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2027569&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
GEM Developing Highly Predictable Canonical

项目摘要

Geomagnetic indices are sensitive to diverse current systems, such as magnetospheric convection, auroral activity, and cross-polar-cap current. They are constructed from measurements, such as magnetic fields from ground magnetometers, and are used to characterize and predict geomagnetic activity. Magnetospheric activity, including geomagnetic storms, occurs in reaction to the solar wind. This project will devise a new geomagnetic index that more accurately predicts upstream solar-wind measurements. This will improve space weather predictions – important to preparing sensitive systems like satellites and high frequency communications for impacts from the dynamic space environment. A composite geomagnetic index will be derived that is highly predictable from a knowledge of the upstream solar wind. This “canonical” geomagnetic index will be constructed from multiple geomagnetic indices measuring different current systems and activity types in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system and will describe global activity. Once the index is derived, along with its canonical solar-wind driver function, superposed-epoch analysis and other statistical techniques will be used to familiarize the index by gauging coronal mass ejection driven storms, high-speed-stream-driven storms, substorms, and steady magnetospheric convection intervals.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地磁指数对潜水电流系统敏感，例如磁层转换，极光活性和横极盖电流。它们是根据测量值（例如地面磁力计的磁场）构建的，用于表征和预测地磁活性。磁层活性，包括地磁风暴，是对太阳风的反应。该项目将设计一个新的地磁指数，该指数更准确地预测上游太阳风测量值。这将改善空间天气预测 - 对于准备敏感系统（例如卫星和高频通信）的影响至关重要。将得出一个复合地磁指数，该指数可以从上游太阳风的知识中高度预测。该“规范”的地磁指数将由多个地磁指数构建，这些磁磁磁层系统和活动类型在磁层层系统中，并将描述全球活动。一旦得出指数，将使用典型的太阳风驾驶员功能，超级上的分析和其他统计技术将通过测量冠状质量弹射驱动风暴来熟悉指数，高速驱动的风暴，替代风暴，替代风暴，替代风暴和稳定的磁性转换间隔。更广泛的影响审查标准。