Nuclear structures in the crust of neutron stars and realistic nucleon - nucleon interactions

中子星壳的核结构对理论核物理提出了巨大的挑战，因为它需要描述从孤立核晶格到内部均匀核物质的转变。本项目的目的是开发一种工具，它可以对这种过渡区域进行微观描述，这种过渡区域是基于核子-核子相互作用的现实模型。从均匀物质到非均匀结构的配对关联的变化将是特别令人感兴趣的，该项目将提供模拟中子星所必需的输入信息。这包括一个现实的状态方程，但也有比热和粘度的物质，以及这些核子结构与中微子的相互作用的信息。基于这些信息，人们可以评估中子星的冷却方案和特征振动模式。冷却的情况可以与中子星观察到的温度进行比较，中子星诞生于历史时期。振动模式是很有意义的，因为它们提供了引力波的可能来源。此外，有待开发的工具可用于评估稳定谷边界处奇异核的结构。

The nuclear structure in the crust of neutron stars poses a great challenge for theoretical nuclear physics as it requires the description of the transition from a lattice of isolated nuclei to the homogeneous nuclear matter in the interior. It is the aim of this project to develop a tool which allows the microscopic description of this transitional region, which is based on a realistic model of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The change in the pairing correlations going from homogeneous matter to the inhomogeneous structures will be of special interest.This project should provide input information which is necessary for the simulation of neutron stars. This includes a realistic equation of state, but also the specific heat and viscosity of this matter as well as the information about the interaction of these nucleonic structures with neutrinos. Based on this information one can evaluate the cooling scenarios of neutron stars and characteristic vibrational modes. The cooling scenarios can be compared to the temperatures observed for neutron stars, which were born in historic times. Vibrational modes are of high interest as they provide possible sources of graviational waves.In addition, the tools to be developed can be used to evaluate the structure of exotic nuclei at the borders of the valley of stability.