Collaborative Research: Carbon, Water, and Energy Balance of the Arctic Landscape at Flagship Observatories in Alaska and Siberia

合作研究：阿拉斯加和西伯利亚旗舰天文台北极景观的碳、水和能量平衡

• 批准号: 1504006
• 负责人: George Kling
• 金额: $ 7.95万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1504006&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Carbon; Water; Energy

Arctic terrestrial ecosystems exchange greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide and methane), water vapor, and energy with the atmosphere. The balance between uptake and release of these quantities influences both the Arctic region and the global climate system. The terrestrial cycling of carbon, water, and energy are strongly linked, and therefore need to be studied at the same time and in the same place. This project continues long-term measurements of carbon, water, and energy balance in terrestrial and freshwater systems in the Alaskan Arctic, extending measurements that began in 2007. Carbon loss over the winter has recently increased dramatically at one of our study sites, as winter air and soil temperatures have warmed. This study will determine whether these losses continue and seek to understand the underlying causes. Broader impacts of this project include contributions to teaching and learning, including underrepresented groups, support of undergraduate summer research, participation in the Marine Biology Laboratory Logan Science Journalism program and the Arctic LTER Schoolyard program, and outreach to K-12 schools in Fairbanks, Alaska, and to Native Alaskan communities. This project will support career development of two female Principal Investigators at UAF.The proposed research will extend continuous measurements of carbon, water, and energy balance in three tundra ecosystems near Imnavait Creek, Alaska. Ecosystem/atmosphere flux measurements have been collected at these sites via eddy covariance since 2007. Long-term monitoring of hydrology and stream chemistry of Imnavait Creek and depth of thaw in its catchment area will be maintained. Additional measurements to help interpret these data will include water table depth, plant community composition, and vegetation greenness via reflectivity, which is related to leaf area and biomass. Long-term measurements of stream chemistry and discharge are available at Imnavait, enabling comprehensive assessment of carbon budgets. All data will be made publicly available and archived at the Arctic Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) web site, the International Arctic Research Center Data Archive, and the Advanced Cooperative Arctic Data and Information Service (ACADIS).

北极陆地生态系统与大气交换温室气体（二氧化碳和甲烷）、水蒸气和能量。 这些数量的吸收和释放之间的平衡影响北极地区和全球气候系统。 陆地碳、水和能源的循环密切相关，因此需要同时在同一地点进行研究。该项目继续对阿拉斯加北极地区陆地和淡水系统的碳、水和能量平衡进行长期测量，延长了2007年开始的测量。 在我们的一个研究地点，随着冬季空气和土壤温度的变暖，冬季的碳损失最近急剧增加。这项研究将确定这些损失是否继续下去，并寻求了解根本原因。该项目的更广泛的影响包括对教学的贡献，包括代表性不足的群体，支持本科生暑期研究，参与海洋生物学实验室洛根科学新闻计划和北极LTER校园计划，并推广到阿拉斯加州费尔班克斯的K-12学校和阿拉斯加土著社区。该项目将支持UAF两位女性首席研究员的职业发展。拟议的研究将扩展对阿拉斯加州Imnavait Creek附近三个苔原生态系统中碳、水和能量平衡的连续测量。自2007年以来，通过涡动协方差在这些站点收集了生态系统/大气通量测量值。将长期监测Imnavait溪的水文和河流化学及其集水区的解冻深度。有助于解释这些数据的其他测量将包括地下水位深度，植物群落组成，以及通过反射率的植被绿度，这与叶面积和生物量有关。Imnavait可对河流化学和排放进行长期测量，从而能够全面评估碳预算。 所有数据将在北极长期生态研究网站、国际北极研究中心数据档案和高级合作北极数据和信息服务处公开提供和存档。