Controlling and quantifying two-level systems, disorder and ideality in tetrahedrally bonded amorphous thin films

控制和量化四面体键合非晶薄膜中的两级系统、无序性和理想性

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1508828
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2015-05-15 至 2019-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Non-technical AbstractIn the field of Condensed Matter Physics, materials that lack structural order -- deemed "amorphous materials" or "glasses" -- are, compared to crystals, relatively unexplored. Crystals consist of spatially repeated atoms, which permit mathematically simple formalisms that can be used to calculate and predict properties of these systems. Amorphous systems, however, have no such structural repeatability, and thus are less understood. This lack of understanding, however, does not preclude the applicability or scientific impact of disordered systems; plastics, silicate glasses, and amorphous silicon photovoltaics are examples that are pertinent to daily life, industry, and technologies. Amorphous superconductors are a remarkable example of how a fundamental scientific property transcends structural imperfection. The properties of a disordered material depend strongly on how the material was produced, but it is not clear how to describe the different amorphous structures produced by different methods, even for a single element material, nor what the nature of a defect is in a fully disordered material. It is clear that disorder exists on different length and energy scales, ranging from local, atomic-sized disorder to larger scales. Intriguingly, there exists the notion of an "ideal glass", which while remaining thoroughly disordered, lacks imperfections in that disorder and thus approaches the uniqueness of a crystal, including reproducibility and predictability of its properties. The project will determine the relationship between types of disorder and defects produced by different preparation methods and for different atoms, and the tunability of the "ideality" of disordered materials. Such a determination will yield improved understanding and control of disordered materials of technological and fundamental scientific significance. The project will also educate and train students and help to increase diversity participation in science; the PI and graduate student are women, and actively engage in efforts to make physics accessible to underrepresented STEM ethnic and socioeconomic minorities. Technical AbstractA problem of both longstanding and current interest is the thermodynamic nature of the amorphous or glassy state. The lack of structural order makes these systems less mathematically tractable and makes it a challenge to resolve how disorder affects the thermodynamic properties. Local and global minima on a broad scale (kT) in the energy landscape are relevant to the configurational entropy. An ideal glass has low configurational entropy, approaching that of the crystalline counterpart, thus implying the existence of a unique disordered state that lacks defects. Local minima on a much smaller scale (kT) produce anomalous low temperature properties of glasses that are well described by tunneling or two level systems (TLS), which are widely considered universal although disagreement exists as to what causes these small scale minima. Even more controversial is the connection (if any) between the low and high temperature thermodynamic properties. In recent years, significant exceptions to low temperature universal behavior have been found, suggesting that different classes of disorder exist. A related question concerns the nature and possible interdependence of defects in an amorphous system; e.g. in amorphous silicon, both TLS and dangling bonds are known to exist, and are dependent on atomic density, but are not directly correlated. This (and other) tetrahedrally-bonded materials are fundamentally different than the traditionally studied glasses; they cannot be quenched from the liquid state, their tetrahedral bonding leads to an overconstrained continuous random network, and the difficulty in producing large quantities for conventional calorimetry has previously prevented most thermodynamic measurements. Intriguingly, these are precisely the materials most easily made as thin films by vapor deposition processes. Various growth techniques will be used to produce thin films of tetrahedrally bonded materials to study the link between TLS and density/structure and ideality within disorder; the project will test the hypothesis that ideal glasses do not have TLS or defects. Using unique membrane-based nanocalorimeters, heat capacity and thermodynamic properties will be measured over a wide temperature range, 0.1-1000K. This temperature range covers the TLS at low T (1K) and the proposed high T glass transition temperature for amorphous silicon. The enormously fast heating (10^5 K/sec) and cooling (10^4 K/sec) rates of these calorimeters and wide temperature range permit these previously impossible experiments, including determination of zero temperature configurational entropy.
在凝聚态物理学领域,与晶体相比,缺乏结构有序性的材料--被认为是“无定形材料”或“玻璃”--相对来说是未开发的。晶体由空间重复的原子组成,这允许数学上简单的形式化,可用于计算和预测这些系统的属性。然而,无定形系统没有这样的结构重复性,因此了解较少。然而,这种缺乏理解并不排除无序系统的适用性或科学影响;塑料,硅酸盐玻璃和非晶硅光致发光材料是与日常生活,工业和技术相关的例子。非晶超导体是一个显著的例子,说明了一个基本的科学性质如何超越结构的不完美性。无序材料的性质很大程度上取决于材料是如何产生的,但目前尚不清楚如何描述由不同方法产生的不同非晶结构,即使是单一元素材料,也不清楚完全无序材料中缺陷的性质。很明显,无序存在于不同的长度和能量尺度上,从局部的原子大小的无序到更大的尺度。 有趣的是,存在“理想玻璃”的概念,它虽然保持完全无序,但在这种无序中缺乏缺陷,因此接近晶体的独特性,包括其性质的可再现性和可预测性。该项目将确定不同制备方法和不同原子产生的无序和缺陷类型之间的关系,以及无序材料的“理想性”的可调性。 这样的测定将产生更好的理解和控制无序材料的技术和基础科学意义。 该项目还将教育和培训学生,并帮助增加科学的多样性参与; PI和研究生都是女性,并积极参与努力,使物理学向代表性不足的STEM种族和社会经济少数群体开放。一个长期存在和当前感兴趣的问题是非晶态或玻璃态的热力学性质。 结构有序性的缺乏使得这些系统在数学上不那么容易处理,并且使得解决无序如何影响热力学性质成为一个挑战。 在能量景观中的大尺度(kT)上的局部和全局最小值与构型熵相关。 理想的玻璃具有低的构型熵,接近晶体对应物的构型熵,因此意味着存在缺乏缺陷的独特无序状态。小得多的尺度(kT)上的局部极小值产生玻璃的异常低温性质,这些性质通过隧穿或两能级系统(TLS)得到很好的描述,这被广泛认为是普遍的,尽管关于是什么导致这些小尺度极小值存在分歧。更有争议的是低温和高温热力学性质之间的联系(如果有的话)。近年来,人们发现了低温普遍行为的重要例外,这表明存在不同类型的无序。 一个相关的问题是关于非晶系统中缺陷的性质和可能的相互依赖性;例如在非晶硅中,TLS和悬挂键都存在,并且取决于原子密度,但不直接相关。这种(和其他)四面体键合的材料与传统研究的玻璃有根本的不同;它们不能从液态淬火,它们的四面体键合导致过度约束的连续随机网络,并且难以产生大量的常规量热法先前阻止了大多数热力学测量。有趣的是,这些正是最容易通过气相沉积工艺制成薄膜的材料。各种生长技术将用于生产四面体结合材料的薄膜,以研究TLS与密度/结构和无序中的理想性之间的联系;该项目将测试理想玻璃没有TLS或缺陷的假设。使用独特的基于膜的纳米热量计,热容和热力学性质将在0.1- 1000 K的宽温度范围内测量。该温度范围涵盖了低T(1 K)下的TLS和提出的非晶硅的高T玻璃化转变温度。这些量热计极快的加热速率(10^5 K/sec)和冷却速率(10^4 K/sec)以及宽的温度范围使得这些以前不可能的实验成为可能,包括零温度构型熵的测定。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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Frances Hellman其他文献

Thermodynamic properties of excess-oxygen-doped La 2 CuO 4.11 near a simultaneous transition to superconductivity and long-range magnetic order
过量氧掺杂的La 2 CuO 4.11 近同时转变为超导和长程磁序的热力学性质
  • DOI:
    10.1103/physrevb.69.174506
  • 发表时间:
    2003
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    G. A. Jorge;G. A. Jorge;Marcelo Jaime;L. Civale;C. D. Batista;Barry L. Zink;Frances Hellman;B. Khaykovich;Marc A. Kastner;Y;R. Birgeneau
  • 通讯作者:
    R. Birgeneau
Establishing coherent momentum-space electronic states in locally ordered materials
在局部有序材料中建立相干动量空间电子态
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41467-024-51953-y
  • 发表时间:
    2024-09-17
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    15.700
  • 作者:
    Samuel T. Ciocys;Quentin Marsal;Paul Corbae;Daniel Varjas;Ellis Kennedy;Mary Scott;Frances Hellman;Adolfo G. Grushin;Alessandra Lanzara
  • 通讯作者:
    Alessandra Lanzara

Frances Hellman的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Frances Hellman', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Center for Coatings Research
合作研究:涂料研究中心
  • 批准号:
    2309290
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: LSC Center for Coatings Research
合作研究:LSC 涂料研究中心
  • 批准号:
    2011719
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Controlling and quantifying two-level systems, disorder and ideality in vapor deposited amorphous thin films
控制和量化气相沉积非晶薄膜中的两级系统、无序性和理想性
  • 批准号:
    1809498
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Controlling and Quantifying Two-Level Systems, Disorder and Ideality in Tetrahedrally Bonded Amorphous Thin Films
控制和量化四面体键合非晶薄膜中的二能级系统、无序和理想性
  • 批准号:
    1411315
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
AGEP-T-Collaborative Research: California Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate
AGEP-T-合作研究:加州研究生教育联盟和教授
  • 批准号:
    1306747
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Thermodynamics of Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Si and Si:H Thin Films
非晶和纳米晶 Si 和 Si:H 薄膜的热力学
  • 批准号:
    0907724
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Magnetic Moments in Amorphous Semiconductors
非晶半导体中的磁矩
  • 批准号:
    0505524
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Local and Non-local Magnetic Moments in Semiconductors
半导体中的局部和非局部磁矩
  • 批准号:
    0509184
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Local and Non-local Magnetic Moments in Semiconductors
半导体中的局部和非局部磁矩
  • 批准号:
    0203907
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Electron Correlations at the Edge of Instability: Complex Materials and Restricted Geometries
不稳定边缘的电子相关性:复杂材料和受限几何形状
  • 批准号:
    9705300
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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CAREER: Understanding and Quantifying Ion Migration and Diffusion in Two-Dimensional Halide Perovskite Heterostructures
职业:理解和量化二维卤化物钙钛矿异质结构中的离子迁移和扩散
  • 批准号:
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开发用于量化骨髓缺氧的生物组织氧化纳米磷传感 (BONES) 系统
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
    2021
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Development of a Bio-tissue Oxygenation Nanophosphor Enabled Sensing (BONES) system for Quantifying Hypoxia in Bone Marrow
开发用于量化骨髓缺氧的生物组织氧化纳米磷传感 (BONES) 系统
  • 批准号:
    10573284
  • 财政年份:
    2021
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    $ 45.14万
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Development of a Bio-tissue Oxygenation Nanophosphor Enabled Sensing (BONES) system for Quantifying Hypoxia in Bone Marrow
开发用于量化骨髓缺氧的生物组织氧化纳米磷传感 (BONES) 系统
  • 批准号:
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Controlling and quantifying two-level systems, disorder and ideality in vapor deposited amorphous thin films
控制和量化气相沉积非晶薄膜中的两级系统、无序性和理想性
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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  • 资助金额:
    $ 45.14万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Controlling and Quantifying Two-Level Systems, Disorder and Ideality in Tetrahedrally Bonded Amorphous Thin Films
控制和量化四面体键合非晶薄膜中的二能级系统、无序和理想性
  • 批准号:
    1411315
  • 财政年份:
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Scanning Correlation Microscopy Methods for Quantifying DNA Repair Kinetics
用于量化 DNA 修复动力学的扫描相关显微镜方法
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    2011
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