SUSCHEM: A Green Chemistry Approach to Organic and Transparent Photovoltaic Material Synthesis and Device Fabrication

SUSCHEM：有机透明光伏材料合成和器件制造的绿色化学方法

• 批准号: 1511098
• 负责人: Annick Anctil
• 金额: $ 29.99万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1511098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SUSCHEM; Green; Chemistry; Approach; Organic

PI: Annick Anctil Proposal Number: 1511098The sun represents the most abundant potential source of sustainable energy on earth. Solar cells that use organic conducting polymers to convert light to electricity - organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices - offer a potentially low-cost route for renewable electricity production. OPV devices have other unique properties such low weight, flexibility, and transparency, which enable their integration into portable electronics, smart fabrics, and buildings. As organic solar cells get closer to commercialization, it is important to understand the potential unintended consequences of their large-scale manufacturing. This project will develop and use life cycle analysis to assess the environmental impacts of organic solar cell manufacturing. Towards this end, the safety, toxicity and scarcity of the materials will be considered to determine if organic solar cells are truly a sustainable energy option. The research outcomes will suggest ways to change the manufacturing process to make OPV devices more sustainable. The educational activities of this project include student-led life cycle assessment of facilities at Michigan State University for future renewable energy building retrofits through the Students Planned Advanced Retrofit Applications (SPARTA) initiative at Michigan State University, and efforts to broaden participation of women in solar photovoltaics professional societies. The goal of the proposed research is to assess the sustainability of organic photovoltaic device (OPV) manufacture by life-cycle assessment (LCA) and green chemistry metrics. LCA will be used to identify critical steps in the life cycle where the most significant reduction in resource and emissions can be achieved, and suggest new materials synthesis and device fabrication pathways to minimize environmental impact. Toward this end, the research will 1) develop a sustainability-based approach to evaluate organic solar cell manufacturing processes using green chemistry metrics; 2) conduct life cycle inventory of materials and processes used to fabricate single and multi-junction solar cells; 3) develop LCA models to assess current environmental/health/cost impacts of OPV device manufacture, and 4) propose sustainable OPV cell design and manufacturing process based on consideration of alternative materials and processing steps. The research outcomes seek to demonstrate that integration of LCA with OPV device design and manufacture can serve as proactive model for the design of sustainable solar PV processes. Life cycle inventory data will be submitted to the Ecoinvent database to encourage future LCA studies of organic solar cells and other organic polymer based electronic devices.

PI：Annick Anctil提案编号：1511098太阳代表着地球上最丰富的潜在可持续能源。使用有机导电聚合物将光转换为电能的太阳能电池--有机光伏(OPV)设备--为可再生电力生产提供了一条潜在的低成本途径。OPV设备还具有其他独特的特性，如重量轻、灵活性和透明度，使其能够集成到便携式电子产品、智能织物和建筑中。随着有机太阳能电池越来越接近商业化，了解大规模生产的潜在意想不到的后果是很重要的。该项目将开发和使用生命周期分析来评估有机太阳能电池制造的环境影响。为此，将考虑材料的安全性、毒性和稀缺性，以确定有机太阳能电池是否真的是一种可持续的能源选择。研究结果将提出改变制造工艺的方法，使OPV设备更可持续。该项目的教育活动包括由学生主导的对密歇根州立大学设施的生命周期评估，通过密歇根州立大学的学生计划高级改造应用(Sparta)倡议，对密歇根州立大学未来的可再生能源建筑改造进行评估，以及努力扩大妇女参与太阳能光伏专业协会的范围。拟议研究的目标是通过生命周期评估(LCA)和绿色化学度量来评估有机光伏器件(OPV)制造的可持续性。LCA将被用来确定生命周期中可以实现最显著的资源和排放减少的关键步骤，并建议新材料合成和器件制造途径，以将对环境的影响降至最低。为此，该研究将1)开发一种基于可持续发展的方法，使用绿色化学指标来评估有机太阳能电池制造工艺；2)对制造单结和多结太阳能电池所用的材料和工艺进行生命周期清单；3)开发生命周期评估模型，以评估当前OPV器件制造的环境/健康/成本影响；以及4)基于对替代材料和工艺步骤的考虑，提出可持续的OPV电池设计和制造工艺。研究结果试图证明LCA与OPV设备设计和制造的集成可以作为可持续太阳能光伏工艺设计的积极模式。生命周期清单数据将提交给Ecoinvent数据库，以鼓励未来对有机太阳能电池和其他基于有机聚合物的电子设备进行生命周期评价研究。