UNS: A Novel Algal-Bacterial Shortcut Nitrogen Removal Process for Wastewater Treatment

UNS：一种用于废水处理的新型藻菌捷径脱氮工艺

• 批准号: 1511439
• 负责人: Sarina Ergas
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1511439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: UNS; Novel; Algal; Bacterial; Shortcut

1511439ErgasManagement of the nitrogen cycle was identified by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) as one of the grand challenges of the 21st century. High ammonia strength wastewaters, such as anaerobic digestion effluents, are difficult and costly to treat in conventional biological nitrogen removal systems due to their toxicity and high oxygen requirements. The PIs overall goal is to investigate nitrogen metabolism in algal-bacterial shortcut nitrogen removal and identify the optimum conditions needed to sustain this novel process. The proposed research is significant because it has the potential to reduce the costs, energy requirements and greenhouse gas emissions associated with nitrogen removal from wastewaters. The guiding hypothesis is that the close association of algae and bacteria and light/dark cycles results in conditions within biological particles that favor shortcut nitrogen removal.Through interdisciplinary and international collaboration, the PIs propose to: 1) investigate the effects of varying operating conditions and substrates on system kinetics and performance, 2) investigate the microbial consortium, which includes algae, ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria using molecular tools, 3) optimize the system design through coupled process-optimization modeling, and, 4) develop global competency in US students though an international collaboration. The interrelationships between nitrogen loading, light penetration and oxygen production will be studied using bench-scale SBPRs operated at varying illumination, temperature and loading rates. The presence and activities of algae nitrogen metabolizing microorganisms will be tracked via measurements of key chemical constituents and by using molecular biological tools to target functional genes encoding steps in the N cycle relevant to nitrification/ denitrification. Additional experiments will investigate the use of volatile fatty acids harvested from livestock waste fermentation as an electron donor for denitrification and coupling of partial algal-bacterial ammonia oxidation with anammox technology to improve system economics. A framework that couples an algal-bacterial shortcut nitrogen process models and an optimization models will be used to minimize system footprint with target total nitrogen removal as a constraint. The optimization model will allow the PIs to find the optimal operating conditions to minimize reactor footprint for different geographic regions. The PIs have assembled a team of researchers in the US and Netherlands with expertise in biological nitrogen removal and algae production, autotrophic bacterial physiology, and wastewater process and optimization modeling. Graduate and undergraduate students, secondary science teachers and HS students will receive training in interdisciplinary, globalized science and engineering research in developed and developing world contexts. We will build on student exchanges between University of South Florida and UNESCO-IHE in Delft, the Netherlands and University of South Florida's Peace Corps Masters International Program to gain additional resources (students, facilities, and research expertise), build developing world sustainable water treatment capacity and continue co-development of the shortcut algal-bacterial nitrogen removal process.

1511439美国国家工程院（NAE）将氮循环的Ergas管理确定为21世纪世纪的重大挑战之一。高氨浓度废水，例如厌氧消化流出物，由于其毒性和高氧气需求，在常规生物脱氮系统中处理是困难和昂贵的。PI的总体目标是研究藻类-细菌短程脱氮中的氮代谢，并确定维持这种新工艺所需的最佳条件。拟议的研究是重要的，因为它有可能减少成本，能源需求和温室气体排放与废水中的氮去除。指导性假设是藻类和细菌的紧密联系以及光/暗循环导致生物颗粒内的条件有利于短程脱氮。通过跨学科和国际合作，PI建议：1）研究不同的操作条件和底物对系统动力学和性能的影响，2）研究微生物聚生体，其包括藻类，氨氧化细菌，亚硝酸盐氧化细菌和反硝化细菌使用分子工具，3）通过耦合过程优化建模优化系统设计，4）通过国际合作培养美国学生的全球能力。氮负荷，光穿透和氧气生产之间的相互关系将使用实验室规模的SBPR在不同的光照，温度和负荷率进行研究。藻类氮代谢微生物的存在和活动将通过测量关键化学成分和通过使用分子生物学工具来跟踪目标功能基因编码的步骤，在氮循环相关的硝化/反硝化。其他实验将调查使用的挥发性脂肪酸收获的牲畜废物发酵作为电子供体的反硝化和耦合的部分藻类细菌氨氧化与厌氧氨氧化技术，以提高系统的经济性。一个框架，耦合藻类-细菌的捷径氮工艺模型和优化模型将被用来最大限度地减少系统的足迹与目标总氮去除作为约束条件。优化模型将允许PI找到最佳操作条件，以最大限度地减少不同地理区域的反应堆占地面积。PI在美国和荷兰组建了一个研究团队，他们在生物脱氮和藻类生产，自养细菌生理学以及废水处理和优化建模方面具有专业知识。研究生和本科生，中学科学教师和HS学生将在发达国家和发展中国家的背景下接受跨学科，全球化科学和工程研究的培训。我们将在南佛罗里达大学和荷兰德尔夫特的UNESCO-IHE以及南佛罗里达大学和平队硕士国际项目之间的学生交流的基础上，获得更多的资源（学生，设施和研究专业知识），建立发展中国家的可持续水处理能力，并继续共同开发快捷的藻类细菌脱氮工艺。