UNS: Collaborative Research: Characterizing pyrogenic soil organic matter as a source of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts

1512705/1512670罗萨里奥-奥尔蒂斯/杨随着野火的频率和范围的增加，了解野火对消毒副产品形成潜力的影响将为饮用水公用事业适应受影响流域的变化提供基础。野火使土壤有机质发生化学变化，山坡在野火过后更容易受到侵蚀。泥沙输送的增加会导致地表水域(即河流和湖泊)中热源土壤有机质的沉积和积累增加，令人担忧的是，野火的溶解有机质特性会影响消毒副产品的形成。这项研究的结果将为公用事业运营商、管理者、研究人员和监管机构提供有益的信息。森林流域的野火改变了生态系统，影响了地表水质量。首席调查员(PI)以前的工作表明，受野火影响地区沉积物的渗滤液在氯化后形成卤代乙腈的可能性更大(即增加消毒副产品的产量)。卤代乙腈以及其他含氮消毒副产物是一个新出现的令人担忧的领域。虽然还没有受到美国环保局的监管，但卤乙腈和卤乙酰胺比受监管的碳质消毒副产品毒性更大。这项拟议的研究调查了热过程对土壤有机质中氮素消毒副产物(卤乙腈和卤乙酰胺)形成的影响。土壤有机质是富氮的，含有来自原位微生物过程的多肽类物质。土壤有机氮通过热过程转化为环二肽和杂环芳香族化合物。其目的是模拟在消毒过程中，有机物在热过程中的转化，淋溶到地表水中，以及消毒副产物的形成。样本将从受野火影响的分水岭内被烧毁和未烧毁的地点收集。有机氮特征(即氨基酸和核磁共振分析)将用于阐明哪些有机氮特征与卤代乙腈和卤代乙酰胺的生成增加有关。除了高质量的出版物，参与这项研究的学生还将有机会在新的实验室课程中操作所需的分析设备，以产生所需的数据，该课程将作为该项目的成果而设计。这将提高这项建议所产生的教学和培训的质量。此外，国际水协会致力于通过几个组织，如前线饮用水联盟和水研究基金会，促进这些研究成果的传播。

1512705 / 1512670 Rosario-Ortiz / Young With the increasing frequency and extent of wildfires, understanding the effect of wildfires on disinfection byproduct formation potential will provide a foundation for drinking water utilities to adapt to changes in affected watersheds. Wildfires chemically transform soil organic matter, and mountainous slopes are more prone to erosion after wildfires. Increased sediment transport can lead to increased deposition and accumulation of pyrogenic soil organic matter in surface waters (i.e., rivers and lakes), and the concern is that dissolved organic matter characteristics from wildfires affects the formation of disinfection byproducts. The results from this research will provide beneficial information for utility operators, managers, researchers, and regulators.Wildfires in forested watersheds transform ecosystems and affect surface water quality. Previous work by the principal investigator (PI) demonstrated that leachates from sediments in wildfire-impacted areas have a greater potential (i.e., increased yield of disinfection byproducts) to form haloacetonitriles after chlorination. Haloacetonitriles, along with other nitrogenous disinfection byproducts, are an emerging area of concern. Although not yet regulated by the USEPA, haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides are more toxic than regulated carbonaceous disinfection byproducts. The proposed study investigates the effect of thermal processes on the formation of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides) from soil organic matter. Soil organic matter is nitrogen-rich, containing peptide-like material from in situ microbial processes. Soil organic nitrogen is transformed into cyclic dipeptides and heterocyclic aromatic compounds by thermal processes. The objectives are to simulate the transformation of organic matter due to thermal processes, leaching into surface water, and the formation of disinfection byproducts during disinfection processes. Samples will be collected from burned and unburned locations within a wildfire-impacted watershed. Organic nitrogen characterization (i.e., amino acid and NMR analysis) will be used to elucidate which organic nitrogen characteristics are associated with increased haloacetonitriles and haloacetamide formation. In addition to high quality publications, the students involved in this research will have the opportunity to operate the analytical equipment required to produce the needed data during the new Laboratory class that will be designed as an outcome of this project. This will enhance the quality of the teaching and training derived from this proposal. Additionally, the PI is committed to promote the dissemination of these research results through several organizations, such as the Front Range Drinking Water Consortium and the Water Research Foundation.