UNS: Collaborative Research: Characterizing pyrogenic soil organic matter as a source of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts

UNS：合作研究：表征热解土壤有机物作为含氮消毒副产物的来源

• 批准号: 1512670
• 负责人: Robert Young
• 金额: $ 8.51万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1512670&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: UNS; Collaborative; Research; Characterizing; pyrogenic

1512705 / 1512670 Rosario-Ortiz / Young With the increasing frequency and extent of wildfires, understanding the effect of wildfires on disinfection byproduct formation potential will provide a foundation for drinking water utilities to adapt to changes in affected watersheds. Wildfires chemically transform soil organic matter, and mountainous slopes are more prone to erosion after wildfires. Increased sediment transport can lead to increased deposition and accumulation of pyrogenic soil organic matter in surface waters (i.e., rivers and lakes), and the concern is that dissolved organic matter characteristics from wildfires affects the formation of disinfection byproducts. The results from this research will provide beneficial information for utility operators, managers, researchers, and regulators.Wildfires in forested watersheds transform ecosystems and affect surface water quality. Previous work by the principal investigator (PI)demonstrated that leachates from sediments in wildfire-impacted areas have a greater potential (i.e., increased yield of disinfection byproducts) to form haloacetonitriles after chlorination. Haloacetonitriles, along with other nitrogenous disinfection byproducts, are an emerging area of concern. Although not yet regulated by the USEPA, haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides are more toxic than regulated carbonaceous disinfection byproducts. The proposed study investigates the effect of thermal processes on the formation of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides) from soil organic matter. Soil organic matter is nitrogen-rich, containing peptide-like material from in situ microbial processes. Soil organic nitrogen is transformed into cyclic dipeptides and heterocyclic aromatic compounds by thermal processes. The objectives are to simulate the transformation of organic matter due to thermal processes, leaching into surface water, and the formation of disinfection byproducts during disinfection processes. Samples will be collected from burned and unburned locations within a wildfire-impacted watershed. Organic nitrogen characterization (i.e., amino acid and NMR analysis) will be used to elucidate which organic nitrogen characteristics are associated with increased haloacetonitriles and haloacetamide formation. In addition to high quality publications, the students involved in this research will have the opportunity to operate the analytical equipment required to produce the needed data during the new Laboratory class that will be designed as an outcome of this project. This will enhance the quality of the teaching and training derived from this proposal. Additionally, the PIs committed to promote the dissemination of these research results through several organizations, such as the Front Range Drinking Water Consortium and the Water Research Foundation.

1512705 / 1512670 Rosario-Ortiz / Young随着野火发生频率和范围的增加，了解野火对消毒副产品形成潜力的影响将为饮用水公用事业适应受影响流域的变化提供基础。野火会使土壤有机质发生化学变化，山火后山坡更容易受到侵蚀。沉积物迁移的增加可导致地表沃茨中热解土壤有机物的沉积和积累增加（即，河流和湖泊），并且关注的是来自野火的溶解有机物特性影响消毒副产物的形成。这项研究的结果将为公用事业运营商、管理人员、研究人员和监管机构提供有益的信息。森林流域的野火改变了生态系统，影响了地表水质量。主要研究者（PI）先前的工作表明，野火影响地区沉积物的沥滤物具有更大的潜力（即，消毒副产物的产率增加）以在氯化后形成卤代乙腈。卤代乙腈，沿着其他含氮消毒副产物，是一个新兴的关注领域。虽然尚未受到美国环保局的管制，但卤代乙腈和卤代乙酰胺比受管制的含碳消毒副产物更具毒性。该研究探讨了热处理对土壤有机质中含氮消毒副产物（卤代乙腈和卤代乙酰胺）形成的影响。土壤有机质富含氮，含有来自原位微生物过程的肽类物质。土壤有机氮在热作用下转化为环二肽和杂环芳香族化合物。其目的是模拟由于热过程的有机物的转化，浸出到地表水，消毒过程中消毒副产物的形成。样本将从受野火影响的流域内已燃烧和未燃烧的地点收集。有机氮表征（即，氨基酸和NMR分析）将用于阐明哪些有机氮特征与卤代乙腈和卤代乙酰胺形成的增加有关。除了高质量的出版物，参与这项研究的学生将有机会操作所需的分析设备，以产生所需的数据在新的实验室类，将被设计为该项目的成果。这将提高这一建议所产生的教学和培训质量。此外，PI致力于通过几个组织，如Front Range饮用水联盟和水研究基金会，促进这些研究成果的传播。