Workshop: Societal Impact, Ethics, and Big-Data-Enabled Social Sciences

该奖项将支持美国参与经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的全球科学论坛（GSF）。全球科学论坛为经合组织成员国的高级科学政策官员提供了一个相互磋商的场所。它就需要国际合作的高度优先的科学政策问题产生研究结果，并确定在重大科学事业上的合作机会。该奖项将支持两名项目总监参与与GSF专家的计划会议，该会议暂定为“在社会研究中使用新形式数据的伦理”。这次会议将在芝加哥举行，它将把美国科学家与经合组织的专家聚集在一起，为在研究中道德地使用大数据制定一个国际框架。大数据集的分析和应用，也被称为大数据研究，是美国国家科学基金会社会、行为和经济科学理事会（SBE）支持的一个重要研究领域。会议将分为全体会议、分组会议和海报会议。它将把科学家、政策制定者、工业界、资助机构和公共利益团体聚集在一起，他们对解决SBE科学中大数据的伦理使用感兴趣。在健康、金融和科学等许多对社会至关重要的领域，大数据的重要性越来越大。本次会议的成果将帮助研究人员确定研究伦理中的关键问题，并探索与研究中使用大数据的伦理相关的国际框架。本次会议将通过制定一个前瞻性的框架，探讨如何在不牺牲隐私权或违反研究伦理的情况下，克服大数据与研究伦理之间的权衡，有效地发挥大数据的潜力，从而推进大数据研究伦理和大数据隐私保护的SBE子领域。这些目标特别具有挑战性，因为满足它们将需要内在的跨学科方法，并且它们将需要刚刚开始开发的预期方法（场景开发）。拟议的活动将有助于提高洞察力，并为重新使用新形式的数据提供一个框架。它们将为数据重用方面的政策制定和科学实践提供信息，并为对相关数据使用场景进行伦理分析提供基础。拟议的努力将产生一个国际上可接受的指导方针框架，用于在SBE研究中使用大数据，因此它不仅对数据相关研究，而且对数据相关治理和政策都将产生深远的影响。

General Audience Summary This award will support US participation in the Global Science Forum (GSF) of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). GSF provides a venue for mutual consultation among senior science policy officials of OECD member countries. It produces findings on high-priority science-policy issues that require international co-operation, and identifies opportunities for collaboration on major scientific undertakings. This award will support the participation of two PIs in planning meetings with GSF experts for an international conference tentatively entitled "The Ethics of Using New Forms of Data for Social Research." The conference is to be held in Chicago, and it will bring US scientists together with OECD experts to develop an international framework for the ethical use of big data in research. The analysis and application of large datasets, also known as big data research, is an important area of research supported by NSF's Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE). The conference will be organized as plenary, breakout and poster sessions. It will bring together scientists, policy makers, industry, funding agencies, and public interest groups who have an interest in addressing the ethical use of big data in the SBE sciences. Big data is growing in importance for many areas critical to society, including health, finance and science. The outputs of this conference will help researchers identify the key issues in research ethics and explore an international framework related to the ethics of the use of big data in research.Technical Summary The conference being planned will advance the SBE subfields of Research Ethics and Privacy Protection in Big Data by developing a forward-looking framework on how to overcome the tradeoff between big data and research ethics to effectively pursue the potential of big data without sacrificing privacy rights or violating research ethics. These goals are particularly challenging because satisfying them will require inherently interdisciplinary approaches, and they will require anticipatory approaches (scenario development), which are just starting to be developed. The proposed activities will serve to improve insights and to provide a framework for approaching the reuse of new forms of data. They will inform policy making and scientific practice with regards to data reuse, as well as provide a foundation for conducting ethical analysis of relevant data use scenarios. The proposed effort will result in a framework for internationally acceptable guidelines for the use of big data in SBE research, and it will thereby have profound implications not only for data-related research but also for data-related governance and policies.