CPS: Breakthrough: Understanding Sub-Second Instabilities in a Global Cyber-Physical System

CPS：突破：了解全球网络物理系统中的亚秒级不稳定性

• 批准号: 1522693
• 负责人: Joshua Cohn
• 金额: $ 47.22万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1522693&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Breakthrough; Understanding; Sub; Second

Cyberphysical (CPS) systems are set to become ever faster, driven by technological advances that push them toward speed limits set by fundamental physics. This proposal addresses the need for a theory of the dynamical behavior of CPS systems in the sub-second regime beyond human intervention times. Ultrafast instabilities have already been observed in such systems. The theory will allow for networking at multiple scales, coupling across multiple temporal and spatial scales, imperfect network communications and sensors, as well as adaptive reorganization and reconfiguration of the system. Theoretical findings will be checked against available empirical data, e.g., from the decentralized network of autonomous market exchanges with its mandated sensor systems. The project will inform the extent to which instabilities can build up across timescales, potentially threatening CPS system stability on a global level.The project goal is a theoretical description of the dynamics in decentralized networks of semi-autonomous machines in which an ecology of algorithms, sensors and network links may be operating, adapting and even competing in response to external inputs. Attention will be paid to the regime of sub-second behavior where human intervention becomes impossible in real-time. The availability of data from such a system provides a test-bed for the multi-agent, complex network analyses to be developed. The project will address how instabilities can be mitigated and eventually controlled. The results are set to advance understanding of CPS system dynamics, not only among academics but also practitioners and regulatory bodies. Application areas that pervade modern life include market exchange systems, resource-allocation systems and remote sensing systems. Opportunities exist to integrate research and education concerning CPS applications across graduate and undergraduate classrooms, outreach through publications, and participation in K-12 activities.

在技术进步的推动下，网络物理(CPS)系统将变得越来越快，这些技术进步推动它们达到基础物理设定的速度限制。这一建议解决了在人类干预时间以外的亚秒制度下CPS系统的动力学行为的理论的必要性。在这样的系统中已经观察到了超快不稳定性。该理论将允许在多个尺度上联网，跨多个时间和空间尺度的耦合，不完善的网络通信和传感器，以及系统的自适应重组和重新配置。理论发现将与现有的经验数据进行核对，例如，来自具有其授权的传感器系统的分散的自主市场交易网络。该项目将告知跨时间尺度建立不稳定的程度，潜在地威胁到全球层面上的CPS系统的稳定性。该项目的目标是从理论上描述半自主机器的分散网络中的动力学，在该网络中，算法、传感器和网络链路的生态可能正在运行、适应甚至竞争以响应外部输入。我们将关注人类无法实时干预的亚秒级行为机制。来自这样一个系统的数据的可用性为将要开发的多代理、复杂网络分析提供了试验台。该项目将解决如何减轻并最终控制不稳定因素。这一结果将促进对CPS系统动力学的理解，不仅在学术界，而且在从业者和监管机构中。渗透到现代生活中的应用领域包括市场交易系统、资源分配系统和遥感系统。有机会在研究生和本科生课堂上整合关于CPS应用的研究和教育，通过出版物进行推广，并参与K-12活动。