Large Scale Nanomanufacturing of Novel Inhomogeneous Strained Two-Dimensional Materials with Tunable Electronic and Optical Properties

二维原子层晶体的应用为实现新的电子、热和光学性质提供了广泛的机会，这些性质可以实现新的电子和光子器件，并显著提高当前器件的效率和性能。然而，这些二维材料具有有限的可调谐性，因此对其潜在应用提供的益处不足。带隙开放和调谐对于充分利用前所未有的电子特性至关重要。该奖项支持基础研究，为可扩展的纳米制造技术提供所需的知识，即基于激光冲击的纳米应变工程。这种方法将通过施加非均匀的三维应变图案在二维晶体中产生可调谐的电学和光学行为。 这种新技术将使一种新的大规模三维应变工程和并行制造过程的二维晶体，以实现广泛的可调电子和光学功能的各种设备的应用。研究结果将用于开发新的课程。该项目将鼓励不同背景的学生参与研究和演示。本计画将为设计与制造准三维、非平面应变奈米结构，提供坚实的科学基础。该奖项将特别关注石墨烯和过渡金属二硫属化物，如MoS2。 然而，为了实现这种新颖的准三维应变技术的益处，需要克服几个科学障碍。该研究小组旨在通过分子动力学模拟和实验研究加工条件对二维晶体纳米级应变的影响来填补空白，并确定非均匀应变工程二维晶体与其电学和光学特性之间的关系。这项研究是第一次尝试在纳米级应变工程的二维材料调整其功能。

The application of two-dimensional atomic layer crystals opens wide opportunity to realize novel electronic, thermal and optical properties that may enable new electronic and photonic devices and significantly improve the efficiency and performance of current devices. However, these two-dimensional materials have limited tunability and therefore provide insufficient benefits to their potential applications. Bandgap opening and tuning is essential to fully exploit the unprecedented electronics properties. This award supports fundamental research to provide the needed knowledge for a scalable nanomanufacturing technique, namely laser shock-based nano-straining engineering. Such a method will generate tunable electrical and optical behavior in the two-dimensional crystals by applying an inhomogeneous three-dimensional strain patterns. This new technique will enable a novel large scale three-dimensional strain engineering and parallel manufacturing process of the two-dimensional crystals to achieve a wide range of tunable electronic and optical functionalities for a variety of device applications. The results of the research will be used to develop new coursework. The project will encourage students of various backgrounds to participate in the research and demonstrations. This project will build a solid science base for design and manufacturing of a quasi-three dimensional, non-planar-strained nano-architecture out of the two-dimensional atomic layer materials with tunable electrical and optical properties. The award will specifically focus on graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS2. However, there are several scientific barriers to overcome in order to realize the benefits of this novel quasi-three-dimensional straining technique. The research team aims to fill the gaps by studying the effects of processing conditions on nanoscale straining of the two-dimensional crystals with molecular dynamics simulation and experiments, and determine the relationship between the inhomogeneous strain-engineered two-dimensional crystals and their electrical and optical properties. This research is the first experimental attempt in nanoscale strain-engineering of two-dimensional materials for tuning their functionalities.