Financing Strategies and Reducing Carbon Emissions from Cookstoves

这一研究项目将审查新的筹资形式对采用和使用新的炉灶技术的影响，这些技术旨在减少有毒和对环境有害的排放，并改善使用炉灶的家庭成员的健康。推动用更清洁、更现代的设备取代传统的高污染炉灶的努力得到了一系列国际项目的支持，这些项目由联合国创立的全球清洁炉灶联盟牵头。这项研究项目将调查碳融资是帮助还是阻碍烹饪技术的交付，它们与家庭偏好的兼容性，以及它们在减少室内空气污染方面的有效性。该项目将提高对碳市场对家庭规模发展的影响的理解，以及碳缓解计划如何产生往往以地理和社会不平衡的方式积累的好处和负担。该项目将通过促进辩论、评估碳市场的发展影响以及明确各种行为者在复杂的以碳为基础的发展项目中所发挥的作用，促进发展地理学的学术研究。项目成果将有助于增加低碳技术干预措施对健康和发展的益处，并为农村可持续发展活动如何补充依赖较少碳的新生计战略提供新的视角。由于世界上近一半的人口使用简陋的炉灶，有毒气体排放导致严重健康问题的可能性极高。传统的炉灶还会排放大量温室气体，从而造成大气污染，并增加世界许多地区的碳足迹。该项目将关注三个核心问题：(1)碳融资如何影响炉具的分布，涉及炉具的可负担性、家庭适宜性和排放性能？(2)如何修改使用碳融资的供应链，以改善这些因素的结果？(3)家庭如何影响供应链上的发展成果？调查人员将在印度的两个炉灶项目地区进行家庭和生产链调查，并与管理机构面谈，以深入了解为炉灶项目分配碳融资流动的决定，以及改善碳市场一体化的战略。他们将对数据进行统计分析，以确定回答、受试者属性和其他条件之间的关系。将分析所有炉灶的现有炉灶排放数据，以确定所有碳金融炉灶之前和之后的家庭空气污染水平。项目结果将揭示美国支持的项目的有效性，这些项目鼓励采用节能、负担得起的炉灶，以减少污染物的排放，改善人类健康，减少环境退化，并促进经济增长。

This research project will examine the impacts of new forms of financing on the adoption and use of new cookstove technologies designed to reduce toxic and environmentally harmful emissions and improve the health of household members using the stoves. Efforts to spur the replacement of traditional, high pollution-emitting stoves with cleaner, more modern devices have been supported by a number of international programs, with efforts led by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, which was created by the United Nations. This research project will investigate whether carbon financing is aiding or hindering the delivery of cooking technologies, their compatibility with household preferences, and their effectiveness at reducing indoor air pollution. The project will improve understanding of carbon market impacts on household-scale development as well as how carbon mitigation programs produce benefits and burdens that often accumulate in geographically and socially uneven ways. The project will advance scholarship in development geography by contributing to debates assessing the development impacts of carbon markets and by pinpointing the roles played by a diverse set of actors within complex carbon-based development projects. Project findings will help increase the health and development benefits of low carbon technology interventions and provide new perspectives on ways in which rural sustainable development activities can complement new strategies for livelihoods that rely on less carbon.With nearly one-half of the world's population using rudimentary cookstoves, the likelihood of toxic emissions leading to severe health problems is extremely high. Traditional cookstoves also emit large amounts of greenhouse gases, thereby contributing to atmospheric pollution and increasing the carbon footprint in many parts of the world. This project will focus on three core questions: (1) How does carbon financing influence the distribution of stoves with respect to stove affordability, household suitability and emissions performance? (2) How can supply chains using carbon finance be modified to improve results along each of those factors? (3) How do households influence development outcomes along the supply chain? The investigators will conduct household and production chain surveys as well as management agency interviews in two cookstove project regions in India to gain insights into decisions made for allocating flows of carbon finance to cookstove projects and strategies for improving the integration of carbon markets. They will statistically analyze data to determine the relationships among responses, subject attributes, and other conditions. Preexisting stove emissions data for all stoves will be analyzed to determine household air pollution levels for all pre- and post-carbon finance stove models. Project findings will shed light on the effectiveness of programs supported by the U.S. that encourage the adoption of energy-efficient affordable stoves that release fewer pollutants, improve human health, reduce environmental degradation, and foster economic growth.