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EAGER: Test for local adaptation of recombination rate

EAGER：重组率的局部适应测试

基本信息

批准号：
1545627
负责人：
Mohamed Noor
金额：
$ 14.97万
依托单位：
Duke University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1545627&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Test local adaptation recombination

项目摘要

Genetic recombination is fundamentally important to many genetic and evolutionary processes, including segregation, repair of double-strand breaks in DNA, removal of detrimental mutations, adaptation, and speciation. Prior research has shown that rates of gene recombination vary among individuals and populations, and are also modulated by temperature and other environmental factors in many species. Despite being the subject of over a hundred years of investigation, no study has tested the fundamental hypothesis of whether gene recombination rates exhibit adaptation to local environments. This project will examine variation in wild populations of the fruit fly, Drosophila pseudoobscura, and identify genomic regions undergoing rapid selection-driven evolution in recombination rates. This novel project is the first step in identifying the kind of natural selection that creates adaptation and species divergence in recombination rates. Additionally this project funds a partnership with a minority-serving high school and includes curriculum development to teach genetics in K-16 schools. This project builds on decades of research on wild populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura to provide a critical "first-look" at whether recombination rates have adapted to local populations and potentially open the door to testing the nature of such adaptation. The primary goal of the proposed research will be to contrast variation within and between several natural populations of D. pseudoobscura in nucleotide sequence vs. recombination rate when tested in a constant environment. Significantly higher differentiation among populations in recombination rate would suggest that this phenotype has adapted to local environments, whereas lower differentiation in recombination rate would demonstrate that there has been broad stabilizing selection in this trait across the species range. The secondary goal of the research will be to test whether rates exhibited in nature are sometimes initially maladaptive in particular populations as a result of environmental modulation, and adaptation occurs within populations to mitigate the maladaptive rates induced by plasticity to the environment. Such "genetic compensation" has been inferred for other traits, but never suggested or tested with respect to recombination, despite its ubiquitous importance in inheritance, adaptation, and speciation.

遗传重组对许多遗传和进化过程至关重要，包括分离、DNA双链断裂的修复、有害突变的去除、适应和物种形成。先前的研究表明，基因重组的速率在个体和种群之间存在差异，并且在许多物种中也受到温度和其他环境因素的调节。尽管基因重组率已经被研究了100多年，但还没有任何研究能够验证基因重组率是否表现出对局部环境的适应性这一基本假设。该项目将研究果蝇（Drosophila pseudobscura）野生种群的变异，并确定重组率中经历快速选择驱动进化的基因组区域。这个新项目是确定自然选择的第一步，这种自然选择创造了适应和物种在重组率上的差异。此外，该项目还资助与一所为少数族裔服务的高中建立合作伙伴关系，并包括在K-16学校教授遗传学的课程开发。该项目建立在对伪暗果蝇野生种群数十年研究的基础上，旨在对重组率是否适应当地种群提供关键的“第一眼”，并可能为测试这种适应的性质打开大门。该研究的主要目的是比较几个D.当在恒定环境中测试时，核苷酸序列中的伪模糊与重组率。群体间重组率显著较高的分化表明，这种表型已适应当地环境，而重组率较低的分化表明，在整个物种范围内，这种性状存在广泛的稳定选择。研究的第二个目标是测试自然界中表现出的速率是否有时最初在特定人群中由于环境调节而适应不良，以及适应是否发生在人群中以减轻由环境可塑性引起的适应不良速率。这种“遗传补偿”被推断为其他性状，但从未建议或测试重组，尽管它在遗传，适应和物种形成中无处不在的重要性。