RAPID: Narrating Disaster: Calibrating Causality and Responses to the 2015 Earthquakes in Nepal

对自然灾害的直接研究反应通常集中在生命损失、受伤、结构破坏和援助反应上。对与应对努力相关的人口结构变化以及“外来者”与受影响社区接触的社会、语言和经济影响的研究往往被忽视。如果不立即采取行动捕捉和记录这些细节，在这些事件中幸存下来的人的个人经历可能会被合并到更广泛的叙述中，受到媒体报道的影响和同质化。这种脱节的可能性在1992年的安德鲁飓风和2005年的卡特里娜飓风等事件中凸显出来，在这些事件中，最初的媒体报道没有充分反映个人和地方经验，但后来的人种学研究发现，捕捉这些细节具有实际和教学价值(例如，卫生和住房服务私有化的生活影响，以及编制关于飓风的具有文化敏感性的科学课程材料)。该项目的重点是尼泊尔，该国最近在2015年4月和5月遭受了大地震的破坏，以及时获取个人和当地的经验。研究人员将收集、注释和公开对地震幸存者进行的采访和叙述。地理语言的重点将是来自尼泊尔西区三个地区的藏缅语族社区：野马、马南和高尔卡，包括当地居民和现正迁回家乡参与救援和重建工作的前居民(农村-城市移民)。所有人都是濒危语言的使用者。南伊利诺伊大学的语言学家克里斯汀·希尔德布兰特、澳大利亚国立大学的爱德华兹维尔和马克·多纳休以及达特茅斯学院的医学人类学家西耶娜·克雷格和文化人类学家杰夫·查尔兹将与尼泊尔研究人员合作，诱导叙事并采访演讲者，以建立一个幸存者叙事数据库，该数据库从幸存者和响应者的角度出发。叙事将揭示情感语言的语法和语篇特征。这些材料还将揭示人类与其社会和物理环境之间的细微差别，同时对这一事件的集体记忆仍然记忆犹新，为人们为什么以及如何在极端环境条件持续而强大的存在的地方创造和维持他们的生计提供宝贵的内部视角。

The immediate research response to a natural disaster frequently focuses on loss of life, injuries, structural damage, and aid response. Research on the demographic shifts associated with response efforts and the social, linguistic, and economic effects of 'outsiders' engaging with affected communities is often overlooked. Without immediate action to capture and document these details, the individual experiences of people who survived these events risks being merged into more generalized narratives, influenced and homogenized by media reports. The possibility of this disconnect was brought to the fore during events such as Hurricanes Andrew in 1992 and Katrina in 2005, where initial media coverage under-represented individual and local experiences, but where subsequent ethnographic studies found practical and pedagogical value in capturing such details (for example, the lived effects of the privatization of health and housing services, and the construction of culturally sensitive science curriculum materials about hurricanes). This project focuses on Nepal, which was recently devastated by major earthquakes in April and May 2015, to capture individual-level and local experiences in a timely manner. The researchers will collect, annotate, and make publicly available interviews and narratives conducted with earthquake survivors. The geo-linguistic focus will be communities of Tibeto-Burman language-speaking peoples from three districts of Nepal's Western Zone: Mustang, Manang and Gorkha, including local residents and former residents (rural-urban migrants) who are now moving back to their home villages to participate in relief and rebuilding efforts. All are speakers of endangered languages. Linguists Kristine Hildebrandt of the Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and Mark Donahue of Australian National University along with Medical Anthropologist Sienna Craig of Dartmouth College and Cultural Anthropologist Geoff Childs will work with Nepali researchers to elicit narratives and interview speakers to build a database of survivor narratives, one that takes the perspective of the survivors and responders. The narratives will reveal grammatical and discourse features of emotive language. These materials will also reveal nuances about the relationship between humans and their social and physical environment while the collective memory of the event is still fresh, providing valuable insider perspectives on why and how people create and maintain their livelihoods in places and in ways where extreme environmental conditions are a constant and powerful presence.