EAGER: Deterioration of Stormwater Filter Media by Deicing Salts: X-ray Micro Computed Tomography (µCT)

EAGER：除冰盐导致雨水过滤介质恶化：X 射线微计算机断层扫描 (µCT)

• 批准号: 1548901
• 负责人: Sai Kakuturu
• 金额: $ 9.95万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1548901&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Deterioration; Stormwater; Filter; Media

1548901KakuturuThis project proposes to explore an innovative use of x-ray micro computed tomography to investigate the effect of deicing salt on stormwater filter media. Stormwater filters are critical in preventing floods and protecting the environment by allowing stormwater to infiltrate to ground and entrapping the pollutants. Prior studies have raised concerns about the deicing salts' role in deterioration of stormwater filter media and environmental contamination. This project outlines a plan to conduct flow tests, using NaCl as a deicing salt, and to evaluate the pre- and post-salt-application pore structures' in stormwater filter media using x-ray micro computed tomography.This project will explore x-ray micro computed tomography to examine stormwater filter media pore structure. The data will be analyzed using computer simulations for developing an understanding of deterioration, a critical research need. Two hypotheses are to be tested: (1) There is a statistical correlation between "flow rate" and "ratio of active porosity to total porosity." (2) Given that the total amount of NaCl is similar, differences in stormwater filter media degradation (the ratio of "active porosity" to "total porosity") will not be significantly different at three different NaCl concentrations. The results of this research will address two scientific questions: (1) How does the pore structure of a SFM change due to application of NaCl? (2) Is there a relationship between the "ratio of active porosity to total porosity" and infiltration rate? This project's goal is to explore and test this radically different research approach for addressing the critical need to scientifically understand the deterioration of stormwater filter media. The PI proposes to achieve this goal by using state-of-the-art of x-ray micro computed tomography, and a combination of discrete element and lattice Boltzmann methods simulations. This approach has demonstrated success in other research fields, for example, medicine, biology, agriculture, geology, industrial, etc. The PI has successfully conducted a pilot study using x-ray micro computed tomography for visualization of SFMs' pore structure. The same samples will be scanned before and after salt application. The three dimensional image data will be used for constructing three dimensional pore structures of stormwater filter media. The three dimensional pore spaces will be used in morphological analysis and model simulations. Results (distribution of porosity, gradients, etc.) will help us in understanding the mechanism of SFM deterioration. This project will establish x-ray micro computed tomography as a suitable method for studying porous media, and will transform the scientific understanding of different porous media.

1548901Kakuturu该项目建议探索X射线微型计算机断层扫描的创新用途，以调查除冰盐对雨水过滤介质的影响。雨水过滤器是至关重要的，在防止洪水和保护环境，允许雨水渗透到地面和截留污染物。先前的研究已经引起了人们对除冰盐在雨水过滤介质恶化和环境污染中的作用的关注。该项目概述了一项计划，使用NaCl作为除冰盐进行流动测试，并使用X射线显微计算机断层扫描评估雨水过滤介质中盐应用前后的孔隙结构。该项目将探索X射线显微计算机断层扫描检查雨水过滤介质的孔隙结构。这些数据将使用计算机模拟进行分析，以了解退化，这是一项关键的研究需求。两个假设有待检验：（1）“流量”与“活动孔隙度与总孔隙度之比”之间存在统计相关性。“（2）鉴于NaCl的总量相似，雨水过滤介质降解的差异（“活性孔隙度”与“总孔隙度”的比率）在三种不同的NaCl浓度下不会有显著差异。本研究的结果将解决两个科学问题：（1）如何改变SFM的孔结构，由于施加NaCl？(2)活性孔隙度与总孔隙度之比与入渗率之间是否存在关系？该项目的目标是探索和测试这种完全不同的研究方法，以满足科学地了解雨水过滤介质恶化的迫切需要。PI建议通过使用最先进的X射线微计算机断层扫描技术以及离散元和格子Boltzmann方法模拟的组合来实现这一目标。该方法已在其他研究领域取得成功，例如医学，生物学，农业，地质学，工业等。PI已成功进行了一项试点研究，使用X射线显微计算机断层扫描技术对SFM的孔隙结构进行可视化。在盐施用前后将扫描相同的样品。三维图像数据将用于构建雨水过滤介质的三维孔隙结构。三维孔隙空间将用于形态分析和模型模拟。结果（孔隙率分布、梯度等）这将有助于我们了解可持续森林管理恶化的机制。该项目将建立X射线显微计算机断层扫描作为研究多孔介质的合适方法，并将改变对不同多孔介质的科学认识。