EAGER: Deterioration of Stormwater Filter Media by Deicing Salts: X-ray Micro Computed Tomography (µCT)

[48901] kakuturu这个项目提出探索一种创新的x射线微型计算机断层扫描技术，以研究除冰盐对雨水过滤介质的影响。雨水过滤器是防止洪水和保护环境的关键，它允许雨水渗透到地面并捕获污染物。先前的研究提出了对除冰盐在雨水过滤介质恶化和环境污染中的作用的担忧。该项目概述了使用NaCl作为除冰盐进行流量测试的计划，并使用x射线微计算机断层扫描技术评估雨水过滤介质中施盐前后的孔隙结构。本项目将探索x射线微计算机断层扫描来检查雨水过滤介质的孔隙结构。这些数据将使用计算机模拟进行分析，以加深对退化的理解，这是一项关键的研究需求。有两个假设需要验证：(1)“流量”与“活性孔隙度与总孔隙度之比”之间存在统计学相关性。(2)在NaCl总量相同的情况下，3种不同NaCl浓度下雨水滤料降解的差异（“活性孔隙度”与“总孔隙度”之比）不会有显著差异。本研究的结果将解决两个科学问题：(1)NaCl的应用如何改变SFM的孔隙结构？(2)“活性孔隙度与总孔隙度之比”与入渗速率是否存在关系？该项目的目标是探索和测试这种完全不同的研究方法，以解决科学理解雨水过滤介质恶化的关键需求。PI建议通过使用最先进的x射线微计算机断层扫描，以及离散元素和晶格玻尔兹曼方法模拟的组合来实现这一目标。这种方法在其他研究领域取得了成功，例如医学、生物学、农业、地质、工业等。PI已经成功地进行了一项试点研究，使用x射线微计算机断层扫描来可视化SFMs的孔隙结构。在施用盐之前和之后将对相同的样品进行扫描。三维图像数据将用于构建雨水过滤介质的三维孔隙结构。三维孔隙空间将用于形态分析和模型模拟。结果（孔隙率分布、梯度等）将有助于我们理解SFM劣化的机制。该项目将确立x射线微计算机断层扫描作为研究多孔介质的合适方法，并将改变对不同多孔介质的科学认识。

1548901KakuturuThis project proposes to explore an innovative use of x-ray micro computed tomography to investigate the effect of deicing salt on stormwater filter media. Stormwater filters are critical in preventing floods and protecting the environment by allowing stormwater to infiltrate to ground and entrapping the pollutants. Prior studies have raised concerns about the deicing salts' role in deterioration of stormwater filter media and environmental contamination. This project outlines a plan to conduct flow tests, using NaCl as a deicing salt, and to evaluate the pre- and post-salt-application pore structures' in stormwater filter media using x-ray micro computed tomography.This project will explore x-ray micro computed tomography to examine stormwater filter media pore structure. The data will be analyzed using computer simulations for developing an understanding of deterioration, a critical research need. Two hypotheses are to be tested: (1) There is a statistical correlation between "flow rate" and "ratio of active porosity to total porosity." (2) Given that the total amount of NaCl is similar, differences in stormwater filter media degradation (the ratio of "active porosity" to "total porosity") will not be significantly different at three different NaCl concentrations. The results of this research will address two scientific questions: (1) How does the pore structure of a SFM change due to application of NaCl? (2) Is there a relationship between the "ratio of active porosity to total porosity" and infiltration rate? This project's goal is to explore and test this radically different research approach for addressing the critical need to scientifically understand the deterioration of stormwater filter media. The PI proposes to achieve this goal by using state-of-the-art of x-ray micro computed tomography, and a combination of discrete element and lattice Boltzmann methods simulations. This approach has demonstrated success in other research fields, for example, medicine, biology, agriculture, geology, industrial, etc. The PI has successfully conducted a pilot study using x-ray micro computed tomography for visualization of SFMs' pore structure. The same samples will be scanned before and after salt application. The three dimensional image data will be used for constructing three dimensional pore structures of stormwater filter media. The three dimensional pore spaces will be used in morphological analysis and model simulations. Results (distribution of porosity, gradients, etc.) will help us in understanding the mechanism of SFM deterioration. This project will establish x-ray micro computed tomography as a suitable method for studying porous media, and will transform the scientific understanding of different porous media.