CAREER: Multiphase magnetohydrodynamic mixing models for liquid metal battery applications

主要研究者：Kelley，道格拉斯提案编号：1552182本CAREER提案的目标是探索流体动力学效应，该效应对利用液态金属作为电极的电池的性能至关重要。这种电池对于具有间歇性能源的电网上的能量存储应用具有很强的前景，例如基于可再生能源的电网。PI建议使用在较低温度（约160 ℃）下为液体的合金，而不是目前应用的选项，其中使用在550 ℃范围内的温度下操作。电池行为是从传输现象的角度来看，其中流体流动，质量和热传递限制了电池的性能。以前的工作集中在材料和化学。在液态金属电池中，流体流将反应物带到界面约10 mm处，在该界面处，初级反应对电池进行充电和放电，去除反应的材料，并防止形成不期望的固体。在这项工作中要解决的问题包括：哪一个边界层-粘性，热，或电磁-介导的质量传输？流动如何影响固相的生长和侵蚀？固相如何影响流动？尺寸和长宽比如何影响输入和输出之间的关系？温差和电流密度对传质速率有何影响？

PI: Kelley, Douglas Proposal Number: 1552182The goal of this CAREER proposal is to explore the fluid dynamics effects that are important in the performance of batteries that utilize liquid metals as electrodes. Such batteries hold a strong promise for energy storage applications on an electrical grid with intermittent energy sources, such as one based on renewable energy sources. The PI proposes to use alloys that are liquid at lower temperatures (at about 160C) instead of currently applied options, where operations at temperatures in the range of 550C are used. The battery behavior is viewed from the transport phenomena point of view, where fluid flow, mass and heat transfer are limiting the battery performance. Prior work has focused on materials and chemistry. In a liquid metal battery, fluid flow brings reactants about 10 mm to the interface where primary reactions charge and discharge the battery, removes reacted material, and prevents the formation of undesirable solids. The questions to be addressed in this work include: Which boundary layer - viscous, thermal, or electromagnetic - mediates mass transport? How does flow affect growth and erosion of solid phases? How do solid phases affect flow? How do size and aspect ratio affect the relationship between inputs and outputs? How does the mass transfer rate depend on temperature difference and current density?