CAREER: Situated Resilience and the New Geographies of Wildlife-Livestock Interactions

职业：情景复原力和野生动物与牲畜相互作用的新地理

• 批准号: 1552429
• 负责人: Bilal Butt
• 金额: $ 65万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1552429&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Situated; Resilience; New; Geographies

This Faculty Early-Career Development (CAREER) award will support a project that focuses on understanding the resilience and sustainability of rangelands in an era of changing ecological conditions and land management policies. The investigator whose work will be supported will investigate the drivers and consequences of these ecological and political changes for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainability of socioeconomic livelihoods. The project will provide valuable new kinds of basic knowledge. By structuring the research to account for the different ways in rangelands are managed, the investigator will be able to assess degree to which as well as how wildlife and livestock share the same spaces. The project will embrace both human and animal individual and group behaviors to clarify the nature of wildlife-livestock relationships, because existing understandings underestimate the role of grazing actions among both wild and domestic grazers. The results of this research will have a direct bearing on conservation and development policies around the world. New knowledge will be generated to aid in decision making regarding where, when, and under which contexts resource managers might encourage mixed use strategies with respect to livestock and wildlife grazing. These practices have the potential to increase the overall resilience and sustainability of drylands around the Earth. The project will provide education and training opportunities for students to enhance critical thinking and problem solving skills through experiential learning. The project will enable tourists visiting rangeland protected areas to obtain more accurate and relevant information regarding people and natural systems in and around parks. The project also is expected to provide new information and insights regarding ways to avoid entrenched pro-livestock or pro-biodiversity positions, thereby reducing the large economic and ecological costs of these positions. Rangelands are home to millions of livestock keeping pastoralists and sustaining large densities and distributions of wildlife. More recently, the resilience of rangeland protected areas is being threatened because of changes in where both wildlife and domestic livestock can graze, and the physical effects of grazing. Changes in seasonality have further constrained the resiliency of drylands. Current understandings about how people, wildlife, and livestock interact in rangelands have been devoid of appropriate social, political, and ecological contexts. As a result, there is limited knowledge about the interactions between wildlife and pastoralists' livestock inside rangeland protected areas. In order to better understand these dynamics, the investigator will evaluate how different management regimes influences patterns of wildlife and livestock resource use. He will determine the magnitude and extent to which resource patterns are influenced by both human and animal behaviors, and he will assess how wildlife and livestock resource-utilization patterns influence the ecology of rangelands. To achieve these objectives, the investigator will employ mixed methods approaches that combine ecological, social, and spatial field methods from a long-term study site within the Mara ecosystem in southern Kenya. Although conducted in this locale, the insights developed through this project will enhance basic understanding in a much broader range of locations, including many in the United States, where individuals and groups managing domesticated grazing animals share the same habitats with wild animals.

该教师早期职业发展（CAREER）奖将支持一个项目，该项目的重点是了解牧场在生态条件和土地管理政策不断变化的时代的恢复力和可持续性。 其工作将得到支持的调查员将调查这些生态和政治变化的驱动因素和后果，以保护生物多样性和社会经济生计的可持续性。 该项目将提供有价值的新型基础知识。 通过构建研究以考虑牧场管理的不同方式，研究人员将能够评估野生动物和牲畜共享同一空间的程度以及如何。 该项目将涵盖人类和动物的个体和群体行为，以澄清野生动物与牲畜关系的本质，因为现有的理解低估了野生和家养食草动物的放牧行为的作用。 这项研究的结果将对世界各地的保护和发展政策产生直接影响。将产生新的知识，以帮助做出关于资源管理者在何时、何地以及在何种情况下可以鼓励牲畜和野生动物放牧的混合使用策略的决策。这些做法有可能提高地球周围旱地的整体恢复力和可持续性。 该项目将为学生提供教育和培训机会，通过体验式学习提高批判性思维和解决问题的能力。该项目将使参观牧场保护区的游客能够获得有关公园及其周围的人和自然系统的更准确和相关的信息。 该项目预计还将提供新的信息和见解，说明如何避免根深蒂固的反对畜牧业或支持生物多样性的立场，从而减少这些立场造成的巨大经济和生态成本。牧场是数以百万计的牧民牲畜的家园，并维持着野生动物的大密度和分布。 最近，由于野生动物和家畜放牧地点的变化以及放牧的物理影响，牧场保护区的恢复力受到威胁。 季节性变化进一步限制了旱地的恢复能力。 目前对人类、野生动物和牲畜如何在牧场中相互作用的理解缺乏适当的社会、政治和生态背景。 因此，人们对牧场保护区内野生动物与牧民牲畜之间相互作用的了解有限。 为了更好地了解这些动态，调查人员将评估不同的管理制度如何影响野生动物和牲畜资源的利用模式。 他将确定资源模式受人类和动物行为影响的程度和程度，并将评估野生动物和牲畜资源利用模式如何影响牧场生态。 为了实现这些目标，研究人员将采用混合方法，将肯尼亚南部马拉生态系统内的一个长期研究地点的生态、社会和空间领域方法结合起来。 虽然在这个地区进行，但通过该项目获得的见解将增强对更广泛地区的基本了解，包括美国的许多地区，在这些地区，管理家养放牧动物的个人和团体与野生动物共享相同的栖息地。