EAGER: The Europa Mission: Cyber-Human Systems in Formation

这项探索性研究将研究NASA前往木星月球木卫二的任务的发展，以了解大型、复杂的网络-人类系统是如何开始的；他们的团队成员如何在不同的背景和协作经验下为他们的系统开发并实施共同的愿景；以及这些活动在未来的科学和技术成果中发挥什么作用。欧罗巴机器人空间探测器将使用九种不同的计算机化仪器，包括相机、光谱仪、磁强计和热力仪器，反复扫描这颗冰冷的卫星，它可能拥有与南极洲相当的地下湖泊。虽然目前还没有用于欧罗巴任务的硬件或软件，但在研究期间，行星科学界的成员将参与疯狂的任务活动，将他们的空间探索计划转化为切实的技术，建立网络-人类系统，使他们能够进行木星系统的合作任务。这是一个难得的机会，可以在他们的系统构建之前，第一次观察一个高度创新的网络人类团队的形成，因为他们提出了问题，并阐明了将建立其最终信息系统核心要素的价值观。这一网络-人类系统的四个要素将在其形成过程中得到研究：(科学、硬件和软件的)整合问题；数据管理问题(如何在专业知识和共享之间取得平衡)；遗产问题(拥有多项使命遗产和不同机构的个人)；以及轨迹问题(项目早期的决定如何影响下游活动)。研究结果将证明，对于我们理解如何建立一个群体动态，最终从根本上影响已开发的信息系统，特别是在一个长期存在的系统的情况下，这些发现将是至关重要的。该项目还将有助于我们理解科学团体中的数据管理和标准制定，并提供了一个不同寻常的机会，可以与对网络人类系统研究如何为他们的工作提供信息的社区进行人种学方面的接触。有关数据管理、集成和持久性的发现可以考虑到这些合作的嵌套、重叠和共同扩展的性质，这些发现将进一步支持NASA和其他地方即将到来的合作。

This exploratory research will study the development of NASA's mission to Jupiter's moon Europa, in order to understand how large, complex, cyber-human systems get started; how their team members develop and then implement a shared vision for their system given heterogeneous backgrounds and collaborative experiences; and what role these activities play in future science and technology outcomes. The Europa robot space probe will repeatedly scan this icy moon that may possess subsurface lakes comparable to those in Antarctica, using nine distinct computerized instruments, including cameras, spectrometers, a magnetometer, and a thermal instrument. While no hardware or software for the Europa mission yet exists, over the period of the research members of the planetary science community will engage in a frenzy of mission activity to turn their plans for space exploration into tangible technologies, building the cyber-human system that will enable their collaborative mission to the Jupiter system. This is a rare opportunity to observe a highly innovative cyber-human team forming for the first time, before their system is constructed, as they ask the questions and articulate the values that will establish the core elements of their eventual information system. Four elements of this cyber-human system will be studied during their formation: the question of integration (of science, hardware and software), the question of data management (how to balance expertise and sharing), the question of heritage (individuals with multiple mission heritages and different institutions), and the question of trajectory (how decisions early in the project affect activity downstream). Findings will prove crucial to our understanding of how a group dynamic becomes established that ultimately affects the developed information system from the ground up especially in the case of a long-lived system. The project will also contribute to our understanding of data management and standards-setting in scientific groups, and presents an unusual opportunity to engage ethnographically with a community with an interest in how cyber-human systems research might inform their work. Findings about data management, integration, and long-livedness that can take into account the nested, overlapping, and co-extensive nature of these collaborations will go further to support upcoming collaborations at NASA and beyond.