Collaborative Research: An Organizational Approach to State Repression

合作研究：国家镇压的组织方法

• 批准号: 1555460
• 负责人: Christian Davenport
• 金额: $ 41.36万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1555460&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Organizational; Approach; State

General Summary This project seeks to improve our understanding of state repression, human rights violation and the circumstances involved with their use. For nearly 50 years, research in political science and sociology has attempted to understand why governments repress their citizens. Despite these efforts little is known about the relationship between those who order repressive acts ("principals") and the individuals committing such activities ("agents"). The research draws together different approaches in the literature to develop an encompassing theory of repressive organizations. The PIs generate new data on human rights violations, using Northern Ireland as the case of interest. The PIs test theoretical predictions regarding when and where repression can be expected as well as how it may be contained. This study has implications for understanding and ultimately preventing human rights violations within the United States and around the world. Technical Summary To account for variation in the use of repression across time and space, the PIs develop a theory focusing on three factors: how principals and agents interpret challenger threats; how event reporting determines the information available to principals and their agents; and how the repressive apparatus is organized. They examine highly disaggregated data on threat, reporting, organization, and repression across space, time, and organizational unit. In particular, the PIs collect new micro-level event data on the repressive activity of the United Kingdom and Northern Irish governments that took place from 1968 through 1998. This dataset uses British Army files from the Brigade, Battalion and British Cabinet levels to determine the degree of knowledge and reporting across these levels and to assess the role of principals and agents in this conflict across time (by day), space (by neighborhood) and actor (by battalion).

本项目旨在提高我们对国家镇压、侵犯人权及其使用情况的理解。近50年来，政治学和社会学的研究一直试图理解政府镇压公民的原因。尽管作出了这些努力，但人们对下令镇压行为的人（“负责人”）与实施这种活动的个人（“代理人”）之间的关系知之甚少。该研究汇集了文献中不同的方法，以发展一个包含镇压组织的理论。ppi生成了侵犯人权的新数据，将北爱尔兰作为感兴趣的案例。pi测试了关于何时何地可以预期压抑以及如何控制压抑的理论预测。这项研究对理解并最终防止美国和世界各地的侵犯人权行为具有启示意义。为了解释不同时间和空间使用镇压的变化，pi发展了一个理论，重点关注三个因素：委托人和代理人如何解释挑战者威胁；事件报告如何决定主体及其代理人可获得的信息；以及镇压机器是如何组织起来的。他们研究了跨越空间、时间和组织单位的威胁、报告、组织和镇压方面的高度分解的数据。特别是，pi收集了1968年至1998年期间英国和北爱尔兰政府镇压活动的新微观事件数据。该数据集使用来自旅、营和英国内阁级别的英国陆军文件，以确定这些级别的知识和报告程度，并跨时间（按天）、空间（按社区）和行动者（按营）评估冲突中委托人和代理人的作用。