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IDBR: TYPE A Nanoscale Laser Ablation Capture for Single Cell Genomics

IDBR：用于单细胞基因组学的 A 型纳米级激光烧蚀捕获

基本信息

批准号：
1556000
负责人：
Kermit Murray
金额：
$ 58.57万
依托单位：
Louisiana State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-03-01 至 2020-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1556000&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
IDBR TYPE Nanoscale Laser Ablation

项目摘要

An award is made to Louisiana State University to develop an instrument for localized sampling of genomic material from single cells in tissue. The proposed spatially resolved single cell genomics instrument will enable studies of cellular processes on a single cell level with high resolution. The instrument will facilitate local sampling of single cells and determination of genetic differences from cell-to-cell within a heterogeneous population. It will enhance the ability to study the genomics of stem cell development and the study of genetic mosaicism in the brain, which has important implications in understanding neurological diseases and their treatment. The project will involve students and teachers as well as undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdocs in several initiatives that will advance STEM education and career development in Louisiana and the Gulf Coast region. The results of the project will be disseminated using an array of social media platforms that are aimed at demonstrating the capabilities of the approach broadly to the general public.Genetic differences between individual cells cause differences in their biological function; however, extracting DNA and RNA from large numbers of cells obscures important information about individual cells. High performance next-generation sequencing can be performed on isolated cells, but only after they have been extracted, which loses the information about their location in the organism. This project is aimed at creating a device that can extract material from single cells while preserving its location in the tissue. The instrument uses an atomic force microscope to image the tissue and high-precision tip-enhanced laser ablation to select material for quantification and sequencing. The material is sampled with high precision from individual cells in spatially selected regions. The project goals are construction of the laser ablation system, automated imaging and sample collection, and demonstration of the instrument with breast cancer tissue samples.

路易斯安那州立大学被授予开发一种仪器，用于从组织中的单个细胞中进行基因组材料的局部采样。拟议的空间分辨单细胞基因组学仪器将能够以高分辨率在单细胞水平上研究细胞过程。该仪器将有助于对单个细胞进行局部采样，并确定不同种群内细胞间的遗传差异。它将提高研究干细胞发育的基因组学和研究大脑中的遗传嵌合体的能力，对了解神经系统疾病及其治疗具有重要意义。该项目将让学生和教师以及本科生、研究生和博士后参与几项倡议，这些倡议将促进路易斯安那州和墨西哥湾沿岸地区的STEM教育和职业发展。该项目的结果将通过一系列社交媒体平台传播，旨在向公众广泛展示该方法的能力。单个细胞之间的遗传差异导致它们的生物学功能不同；然而，从大量细胞中提取DNA和RNA会掩盖有关单个细胞的重要信息。可以对分离的细胞进行高性能的下一代测序，但只能在提取细胞之后进行，这会丢失关于它们在生物体中位置的信息。该项目旨在创造一种设备，可以从单个细胞中提取材料，同时保留其在组织中的位置。该仪器使用原子力显微镜对组织成像，并使用高精度的尖端增强激光消融来选择材料进行量化和测序。从空间选定区域中的单个单元格以高精度采样材质。该项目的目标是建造激光消融系统，自动成像和样本采集，并用乳腺癌组织样本演示该仪器。