Vector Movement and Disease Risk: When Do We Need to Explicitly Account for Vector Behavior and Spatial Patterns in disease models?

媒介运动和疾病风险：我们什么时候需要明确考虑疾病模型中的媒介行为和空间模式？

• 批准号: 1556674
• 负责人: Allison Shaw
• 金额: $ 44.3万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1556674&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Vector; Movement; Disease; Risk; When

Many insects transmit disease as they feed on plants and other animals. However, we know little about how their movements affect the spread of disease. This research will combine measures of insect behavior with mathematical models of disease risk and make predictions about how disease transmission may respond to environmental change. In addition to sharing their results with other scientists, the researchers will train K-12 teachers at the world-class education program at Cedar Creek Long Term Ecological Research site (CDR), and develop teaching modules about disease for students in grades 7-16. The researchers will also partner with CDR's NSF ESTEEM project to involve Native American students in ecology research. The project will promote interaction between biologists and mathematicians, and between researchers who study disease and insect behavior. The interaction between movement and disease is increasingly recognized as an emerging frontier for both the fields of movement ecology and the ecology of infectious diseases. For pathogens transmitted by insects, insect vector movement is a key component of the infection process. Yet, in most ecological disease models, vector behavior is highly simplified. A deeper understanding of the role of vector movement and foraging behavior in mediating population-level infectious disease risk is an important frontier spanning population, disease, and behavioral ecology. The approach proposed here couples a novel modeling approach with a tractable experimental system and promotes understanding of vector-host-pathogen interactions in three parts. First, the modeling approach enables the incorporation of context-dependent decision making in vector movement and will generate expected trends for vectored pathogens in animal and plant systems, broadly. Second, the proposed experimental work will use a globally relevant phytovirus-aphid system that permits experiments that are near impossible in other (plant and animal) vectored disease systems. Finally, existing field data will be used to test model predictions about the importance of vector behavior for infection in response to environmental change under field conditions. By generating predictions from a behavioral modeling framework and an experimentally-tractable empirical system, the proposed theory-experiment pairing promises novel insights into the likely role of vector behavior in the dynamics of a wide array of vectored diseases.

许多昆虫以植物和其他动物为食时传播疾病。然而，我们对它们的运动如何影响疾病的传播知之甚少。这项研究将把联合收割机对昆虫行为的测量与疾病风险的数学模型结合起来，并预测疾病传播如何对环境变化作出反应。 除了与其他科学家分享他们的研究成果外，研究人员还将在雪松溪长期生态研究中心（CDR）的世界级教育项目中培训K-12教师，并为7-16年级的学生开发有关疾病的教学模块。研究人员还将与CDR的NSF ESTEEM项目合作，让美国原住民学生参与生态学研究。该项目将促进生物学家和数学家之间的互动，以及研究疾病和昆虫行为的研究人员之间的互动。运动和疾病之间的相互作用越来越被认为是运动生态学和传染病生态学领域的新兴前沿。对于由昆虫传播的病原体，昆虫媒介运动是感染过程的关键组成部分。然而，在大多数生态疾病模型中，病媒行为被高度简化。更深入地了解媒介运动和觅食行为在介导人群水平传染病风险中的作用是跨越人口，疾病和行为生态学的重要前沿。本文提出的方法将一种新的建模方法与一个易于处理的实验系统相结合，并从三个方面促进了对媒介-宿主-病原体相互作用的理解。首先，建模方法能够将环境相关的决策纳入病媒运动，并将产生预期的趋势，在动物和植物系统中的病媒病原体，广泛。其次，拟议的实验工作将使用一个全球相关的植物病毒-蚜虫系统，允许在其他（植物和动物）媒介疾病系统中几乎不可能进行的实验。最后，现有的现场数据将被用来测试模型预测的重要性，病媒行为的感染，在现场条件下的环境变化的反应。通过从行为建模框架和实验易处理的经验系统中生成预测，所提出的理论-实验配对有望对媒介行为在各种媒介疾病的动态中可能发挥的作用提供新的见解。

项目成果

Causes and consequences of individual variation in animal movement

动物运动个体差异的原因和后果

• DOI: 10.1186/s40462-020-0197-x
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Movement Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Shaw, Allison K.