QuBBD: Collaborative Proposal: Interactive Ensemble Clustering for Mixed Data with Application to Mood Disorders

QuBBD：协作提案：混合数据的交互式集成聚类及其在情绪障碍中的应用

• 批准号: 1557668
• 负责人: Mathews Jacob
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1557668&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: QuBBD; Collaborative; Proposal; Interactive; Ensemble

The Big Data era has given rise to data of unprecedented size and complexity. However, fully leveraging Big Data resources for knowledge and discovery is an open challenge due to the fact that conventional methods of data processing and analysis often fail or are inappropriate. This project develops an innovative approach that utilizes Big Data to improve the classification of mood disorders for the purpose of improving diagnosis and outcomes for psychiatric patients. Big Data issues are inherently more severe for mental disorders because of their elusive nature. The psychiatric community has recognized the critical need for a more precise, evidence-based approach for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. In fact, recent studies funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) have found that psychiatric interventions were effective in less than 25% of patients presenting with an acute episode. This low efficacy rate is especially problematic given the prevalence of mental disorders. Mood disorders alone (e.g., depression) will be experienced by 1 in 5 adults in the United States at some point in their lives. This project is motivated by the hypothesis that a more precise and personalized classification of mental health disease can be obtained through the development of novel clustering methods that identify clinically significant structures with these large population data sets. However, such an approach must overcome a large number of methodological challenges introduced by the complexity of the problem and the nature of large-scale real-world electronic health data. These challenges include, among others, complex and unknown structure, high dimensionality, heterogeneity, complex mixtures of variables, missing data, and sparsity. This award supports initiation of a collaborative research project, carried out by a team with interdisciplinary and complimentary skill sets, to develop methods for big data that address challenges inherent in the integration of biomedical data of this type. Collective expertise of the team spans the areas of biomedical informatics, biostatistics, computer and information science, electrical and computer engineering, mathematics, and psychiatry. A novel methodology is developed in a flexible and fully integrated framework that can be extended to other biomedical data and diseases. Within this framework, clustering methods that capture different aspects of relatedness in the data are integrated in a rigorous way that not only accounts for model uncertainty, but also results in an interactive visualization that is accessible with strong model interpretability for the non-expert. Specifically, the methodology will rely on novel modifications to bootstrap estimators of generalization error for the purpose of assembling a consensus over an ensemble of clusters inferred from topology-based and machine learning approaches. The framework also supports iterative refinement of the consensus solution based on user input (via the visualization) to incorporate domain expertise. The rigorous identification of sub-groups of individuals within heterogeneous populations will facilitate accurate and targeted diagnosis for mood disorders, and provide opportunity for personalized evidence-based interventions. Applications focus on clustering individuals with mood disorders (bipolar disorder and major depression) from data collected in the Bipolar Disorder Research Network (BDRN). Despite this focus, the methodology is generalizable to other diseases that face similar challenges for diagnosis and treatment. In fact, this project supports the first steps of a long-term vision of generalizing the methods to more complex and less curated data, such as electronic health records, social media, and other sources. This award is supported by the National Institutes of Health Big Data to Knowledge (BD2K) Initiative in partnership with the National Science Foundation Division of Mathematical Sciences.

大数据时代带来了前所未有的数据规模和复杂性。 然而，充分利用大数据资源进行知识和发现是一个开放的挑战，因为传统的数据处理和分析方法往往失败或不合适。 该项目开发了一种创新方法，利用大数据来改善情绪障碍的分类，以改善精神病患者的诊断和预后。 大数据问题本质上对精神障碍更严重，因为它们的难以捉摸。 精神病学界已经认识到迫切需要一种更精确的、以证据为基础的方法来诊断和治疗疾病。 事实上，最近由美国国家精神卫生研究所（NIMH）资助的研究发现，精神干预对不到25%的急性发作患者有效。 考虑到精神障碍的普遍性，这种低疗效率尤其成问题。 情绪障碍单独（例如，抑郁症）将在美国五分之一的成年人在他们生命中的某个时刻经历。 该项目的动机是假设可以通过开发新的聚类方法来获得更精确和个性化的精神健康疾病分类，这些方法可以识别具有临床意义的结构与这些大型人口数据集。 然而，这种方法必须克服由于问题的复杂性和大规模真实世界电子健康数据的性质而带来的大量方法学挑战。 这些挑战包括复杂和未知的结构、高维、异质性、变量的复杂混合、缺失数据和稀疏性等。 该奖项支持由具有跨学科和互补技能的团队开展的合作研究项目的启动，以开发大数据方法，解决这种类型的生物医学数据整合中固有的挑战。 该团队的集体专业知识涵盖生物医学信息学，生物统计学，计算机和信息科学，电气和计算机工程，数学和精神病学等领域。 一种新的方法是在一个灵活和完全集成的框架，可以扩展到其他生物医学数据和疾病。 在这个框架内，聚类方法，捕捉数据中的相关性的不同方面被集成在一个严格的方式，不仅占模型的不确定性，但也导致在一个交互式的可视化，是访问与强大的模型可解释性的非专家。 具体而言，该方法将依赖于新的修改的自举估计的泛化误差的目的组装的共识推断从基于拓扑和机器学习的方法集群的合奏。 该框架还支持基于用户输入（通过可视化）的共识解决方案的迭代细化，以结合领域专业知识。 严格识别异质人群中的个体亚组将有助于准确和有针对性地诊断情绪障碍，并为个性化的循证干预提供机会。 应用程序集中于从双相情感障碍研究网络（BDRN）收集的数据中聚类患有情绪障碍（双相情感障碍和重度抑郁症）的个体。 尽管如此，该方法可推广到面临类似诊断和治疗挑战的其他疾病。 事实上，该项目支持将这些方法推广到更复杂和更少管理的数据（如电子健康记录，社交媒体和其他来源）的长期愿景的第一步。 该奖项由美国国立卫生研究院大数据到知识（BD2K）计划与国家科学基金会数学科学部合作支持。