Looking Further Back in Time at Flank Degradation Processes and Volcanic Edifice Evolution on the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge

该项目将分析和解释在两次非常成功的研究探险期间获得的多波束测深数据，这些探险是在夏威夷群岛西北部的帕帕纳莫库基亚海洋国家纪念碑进行的。位于夏威夷主要群岛以西这一地区的火山的大部分历史仍然没有得到很好的记录。这项研究的重点是了解夏威夷群岛上常见的巨大山体滑坡的形成。主要目标是记录火山如何随着时间的推移形成和坍塌，并记录山体滑坡的频率和规模，以评估它们在夏威夷和其他岛国造成的危险。大型山体滑坡具有引发海啸的能力，因此对社会构成重大风险。结果将有助于国家纪念碑的管理和永久保存，最引人注目的是生活在火山上的生物群落。一名研究生将接受数据分析和解释方面的培训。2014年，在科考船福尔科尔号上进行的两次航行中，从夏威夷海脊获取了一组广泛的地球物理数据。这两次为期36天的考察主要由施密特海洋研究所与美国国家科学基金会和美国国家海洋和大气局联合赞助，目的是在夏威夷群岛西北部的帕帕纳莫库基卡海洋国家纪念碑内进行多波束和潜在的野外测绘。这项拟议的工作将使用水深测量数据来检查该地区以前使用20多年前收集的较低分辨率数据绘制的近50个巨大的海底滑坡及其沉积物。主要目标是对较旧的全球海平面系统进行详细解释，以提供更大的统计基础、更多样的震源建筑物形态和结构环境，以及与主要岛屿和世界各地的巨型海底滑坡进行更长时间的比较。

The project will analyze and interpret multibeam bathymetry data obtained during two highly successful research expeditions to the Papahânaumokuâkea Marine National Monument in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Much of the history of the volcanoes located in this area west of the main Hawaiian Islands remains poorly documented. This study focuses on understanding the formation of the giant landslides that are common on the Hawaiian Islands. The primary goals are to document how volcanoes build and then collapse over time and to document the frequency and size of landslides to assess the hazard that they present in Hawaii and other island nations. Large landslides have the ability to generate tsunamis and thus pose a significant risk to society. The results will aid the management and perpetuation of the national monument, most notably the biological communities living on the volcanoes. A graduate student will be trained in data analysis and interpretation.An extensive set of geophysical data was acquired from the Hawaiian Ridge during two cruises on the Research Vessel Falkor in 2014. The purpose of the two 36-day expeditions, primarily sponsored by the Schmidt Ocean Institute in conjunction with NSF and NOAA, was to carry out multibeam and potential field mapping within the the Papahânaumokuâkea Marine National Monument in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. The proposed work will use the bathymetry data to examine the nearly 50 giant submarine landslides and their deposits previously mapped in the region using lower-resolution data collected over 20 years ago. The main objective is to carry out detailed interpretations of the older GSLs to provide a larger statistical base, a greater variety of source edifice morphologies and structural settings, and a longer temporal comparison with the giant submarine landslides in the main islands and worldwide.