Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Political Economy of Extractive Industries Conflicts

博士论文研究：采掘业冲突的政治经济学

• 批准号: 1560587
• 负责人: Michael Gilligan
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1560587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Economy

General SummaryExtractive industries conflicts are an increasingly common and costly phenomenon in the world today, particularly in developing countries. This project investigates why violent conflict continues to occur in extractive industries, particularly in Latin America, and tests several interventions designed to reduce the level of conflict around mining through improved responsiveness to local communities and reduced capture by government officials. The PI identifies three sub-national mechanisms that may explain extractive industries conflict: (1) asymmetric information, (2) commitment problems, and (3) capture by elected officials. The co-PI then test each of these mechanisms through three randomized field experiments in Peru that include private sector, NGO and government partners. The PI test whether improved responsiveness by policymakers and the private sector can reduce conflict in extractive sectors. Technical SummaryWhile previous studies in the social sciences have identified a relationship between natural resources and conflict at the macro (cross-national) level, this project focuses on micro-level mechanisms in Latin America. The PI identifies three sub-national mechanisms that explain why conflicts occur around extractive industries: 1) Asymmetric information, 2) Commitment problems and 3) Capture by elected officials. The PI tests each of the mechanisms through three randomized field experiments in Peru that include private sector, NGO and government partners. This project examines sub-national mechanisms for resource conflicts other than civil war, such as labor conflicts, environmental conflicts, and populist rural uprisings that are short of armed insurrection. The use of the randomized field experimental techniques allows the PI to be more confident that the effects found are indeed causal effects.

采掘业冲突是当今世界日益普遍和代价高昂的现象，特别是在发展中国家。该项目调查了为什么暴力冲突继续发生在采掘业，特别是在拉丁美洲，并测试了几项干预措施，旨在通过改善对当地社区的反应和减少政府官员的捕获来减少采矿冲突的程度。PI确定了三个可以解释采掘业冲突的地方机制：（1）信息不对称，（2）承诺问题，（3）民选官员的俘获。共同主要研究者随后通过在秘鲁进行的三次随机实地试验，对每一种机制进行测试，试验对象包括私营部门、非政府组织和政府伙伴。PI测试政策制定者和私营部门提高响应能力是否可以减少采掘业的冲突。虽然以前的社会科学研究已经确定了自然资源和冲突之间的关系，在宏观（跨国）层面上，这个项目的重点是在拉丁美洲的微观层面的机制。PI确定了三个次国家机制，解释了为什么围绕采掘业发生冲突：1）信息不对称，2）承诺问题和3）民选官员的捕获。PI通过在秘鲁进行的三次随机实地试验对每一种机制进行了测试，试验对象包括私营部门、非政府组织和政府伙伴。这个项目研究了非内战的资源冲突的次国家机制，如劳工冲突，环境冲突，以及缺乏武装起义的民粹主义农村起义。使用随机田间实验技术使PI更确信所发现的效应确实是因果效应。