Factors Influencing Changing Meanings of Sovereignty

影响主权含义变化的因素

• 批准号: 1560768
• 负责人: Yarimar Bonilla
• 金额: $ 11.78万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-15 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1560768&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Factors; Influencing; Changing; Meanings; Sovereignty

Among many social scientists broadly, sovereignty has frequently been explored in relation to claims for political independence by one group of people from a larger entity. But anthropologists have documented many cases where groups of human beings find other methods for pursuing sovereignty than through the formation of autonomous nation-states. This project asks what factors influence human beings to seek sovereignty through means other than political independence. The project would aid public policy experts in their efforts to understand and anticipate social movements not only in the United States, where this research is taking place, but in other parts of the world where sovereignty claims have taken new form. In addition, the project would strengthen collaboration among scientists in the mainland U.S. and Puerto Rico, broaden the participation of underrepresented groups in the sciences, and train undergraduate and graduate students in methods of scientifically-grounded and empirical data collection. Dr. Yarimar Bonilla of Rutgers University explores how notions of citizenship and national identity are reimagined within contexts of shifting and disputed forms of sovereignty. The research explores the Puerto Rican statehood movement, an important site for answering this question as the movement has paradoxically gained popularity among those who have advocated other forms of sovereign status over annexation and statehood. As an unincorporated territory of the United States, Puerto Rico's relationship to the United States has long been ambiguous and misunderstood. Famously described as "foreign in a domestic sense," Puerto Rico is a space where notions of citizenship nationality are hotly debated. For many years the island's commonwealth status promised local residents "the best of both worlds" in the sense of offering US citizenship with a measure of local sovereignty. However, as the economy has stagnated over the past twenty years leading to failing infrastructure, a seemingly unpayable public debt, and historic levels of out-migration (resulting in a larger concentration of Puerto Ricans in the continental United States than in the Puerto Rican territory), a growing number of Puerto Ricans currently support political annexation to the United States. This project will examines how and why a large number of Puerto Ricans advocate for Puerto Rico to become the 51st state. Utilizing data collected through archival research, participant observation, surveys, focus groups and individual interviews, the PI will examine how statehood is imagined by its advocates and what problems it is deemed capable of solving. The findings of this research will have broad implications for thinking about the cultural meanings of citizenship in an era of shifting sovereignty and about the current landscape of political possibility in the United States and its margins.

在许多社会科学家中，主权经常被探索与来自一个更大实体的一群人要求政治独立的关系。但人类学家记录了许多案例，其中人类群体找到了除了通过形成自治民族国家之外的其他方法来追求主权。该项目探讨哪些因素影响人类通过政治独立以外的方式寻求主权。该项目将帮助公共政策专家努力理解和预测社会运动，不仅在正在进行这项研究的美国，而且在世界其他主权主张已采取新形式的地区。此外，该项目还将加强美国大陆和波多黎各科学家之间的合作，扩大科学领域代表性不足群体的参与，并培训本科生和研究生以科学为基础的实证数据收集方法。 罗格斯大学的亚里马尔·博尼拉博士探讨了如何在主权形式转变和有争议的背景下重新构想公民身份和国家认同的概念。该研究探讨了波多黎各建国运动，这是回答这个问题的一个重要场所，因为该运动在那些主张其他形式的主权地位而不是吞并和建国的人中反而受到了欢迎。作为美国的非建制领土，波多黎各与美国的关系长期以来一直模糊且被误解。波多黎各被称为“国内意义上的外国”，是一个公民国籍概念受到激烈争论的地方。多年来，该岛的英联邦地位向当地居民保证了“两全其美”，即在提供美国公民身份的同时也享有一定程度的当地主权。然而，由于经济在过去二十年停滞不前，导致基础设施失效、公共债务看似无法偿还，以及历史性的向外移民（导致波多黎各人更多地集中在美国大陆而不是波多黎各领土），越来越多的波多黎各人目前支持政治吞并美国。该项目将研究大量波多黎各人如何以及为何主张波多黎各成为第 51 个州。利用通过档案研究、参与观察、调查、焦点小组和个人访谈收集的数据，PI 将研究其拥护者如何想象国家地位以及它被认为能够解决哪些问题。这项研究的结果将对思考主权转移时代公民身份的文化意义以及美国及其边缘地区当前的政治可能性格局产生广泛的影响。